Base64是一種基于64個可打印字符來表示二進制數(shù)據(jù)的表示方法。由于2的6次方等于64，所以每6個比特為一個單元，對應(yīng)某個可打印字符。三個字節(jié)有24個比特，對應(yīng)于4個Base64單元，即3個字節(jié)需要用4個可打印字符來表示。它可用來作為電子郵件的傳輸編碼。在Base64中的可打印字符包括字母A-Z、a-z、數(shù)字0-9 ，這樣共有62個字符，此外兩個可打印符號在不同的系統(tǒng)中而不同（本類庫里面用的是`+`,`/`這兩個字符）。一些如uuencode的其他編碼方法，和之后binhex的版本使用不同的64字符集來代表6個二進制數(shù)字，但是它們不叫Base64。
Base64常用于在通常處理文本數(shù)據(jù)的場合，表示、傳輸、存儲一些二進制數(shù)據(jù)。包括MIME的email，email via MIME, 在XML中存儲復(fù)雜數(shù)據(jù)。
Base64其實是一種簡單的置換加密方式，但是BASE64的用處往往并不是為了防止信息泄露，而且為了方便傳輸，進過BASE64編碼后的信息會比原始信息長，大概是4/3倍。
實現(xiàn)代碼一、測試可以用
var base64EncodeChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";var base64DecodeChars = new Array(-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1);/** * base64編碼 * @param {Object} str */function base64encode(str){ var out, i, len; var c1, c2, c3; len = str.length; i = 0; out = ""; while (i < len) { c1 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if (i == len) { out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c1 & 0x3) << 4); out += "=="; break; } c2 = str.charCodeAt(i++); if (i == len) { out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3) << 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4)); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c2 & 0xF) << 2); out += "="; break; } c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3) << 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4)); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c2 & 0xF) << 2) | ((c3 & 0xC0) >> 6)); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c3 & 0x3F); } return out;}/** * base64解碼 * @param {Object} str */function base64decode(str){ var c1, c2, c3, c4; var i, len, out; len = str.length; i = 0; out = ""; while (i < len) { /* c1 */ do { c1 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff]; } while (i < len && c1 == -1); if (c1 == -1) break; /* c2 */ do { c2 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff]; } while (i < len && c2 == -1); if (c2 == -1) break; out += String.fromCharCode((c1 << 2) | ((c2 & 0x30) >> 4)); /* c3 */ do { c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if (c3 == 61) return out; c3 = base64DecodeChars[c3]; } while (i < len && c3 == -1); if (c3 == -1) break; out += String.fromCharCode(((c2 & 0XF) << 4) | ((c3 & 0x3C) >> 2)); /* c4 */ do { c4 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if (c4 == 61) return out; c4 = base64DecodeChars[c4]; } while (i < len && c4 == -1); if (c4 == -1) break; out += String.fromCharCode(((c3 & 0x03) << 6) | c4); } return out;}/** * utf16轉(zhuǎn)utf8 * @param {Object} str */function utf16to8(str){ var out, i, len, c; out = ""; len = str.length; for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { c = str.charCodeAt(i); if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) { out += str.charAt(i); } else if (c > 0x07FF) { out += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | ((c >> 12) & 0x0F)); out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3F)); out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F)); } else { out += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | ((c >> 6) & 0x1F)); out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F)); } } return out;}/** * utf8轉(zhuǎn)utf16 * @param {Object} str */function utf8to16(str){ var out, i, len, c; var char2, char3; out = ""; len = str.length; i = 0; while (i < len) { c = str.charCodeAt(i++); switch (c >> 4) { case 0: case 1: case 2: case 3: case 4: case 5: case 6: case 7: // 0xxxxxxx out += str.charAt(i - 1); break; case 12: case 13: // 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++); out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x1F) << 6) | (char2 & 0x3F)); break; case 14: // 1110 xxxx10xx xxxx10xx xxxx char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++); char3 = str.charCodeAt(i++); out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x0F) << 12) | ((char2 & 0x3F) << 6) | ((char3 & 0x3F) << 0)); break; } } return out;}//demo//function doit(){// var f = document.f;// f.output.value = base64encode(utf16to8(f.source.value));// f.decode.value = utf8to16(base64decode(f.output.value));//}功能分割版，就是將兩個js函數(shù)分別寫出來
Javascript的base64加密函數(shù)和base64解密函數(shù)，仿PHP base64_encode()和base64_decode().附實例。可以將js代碼保存到base64.js中，在需要的時候調(diào)用。
注意：base64加密和解密有固有的算，請不要改動以下代碼，否則可能導(dǎo)致程序出錯，或者無法獲取到正確的結(jié)果。
為了保證代碼的正確性，請下載附件base64.js (沒有實例)，而不要直接復(fù)制本頁代碼。
base64加密代碼
function base64_encode(str){ var c1, c2, c3; var base64EncodeChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"; var i = 0, len= str.length, string = ''; while (i < len){ c1 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if (i == len){ string += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); string += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c1 & 0x3) << 4); string += "=="; break; } c2 = str.charCodeAt(i++); if (i == len){ string += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); string += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3) << 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4)); string += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c2 & 0xF) << 2); string += "="; break; } c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++); string += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); string += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3) << 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4)); string += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c2 & 0xF) << 2) | ((c3 & 0xC0) >> 6)); string += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c3 & 0x3F) } return string }base64解密啊代碼
function base64_decode(str){ var c1, c2, c3, c4; var base64DecodeChars = new Array( -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 ); var i=0, len = str.length, string = ''; while (i < len){ do{ c1 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff] } while ( i < len && c1 == -1 ); if (c1 == -1) break; do{ c2 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff] } while ( i < len && c2 == -1 ); if (c2 == -1) break; string += String.fromCharCode((c1 << 2) | ((c2 & 0x30) >> 4)); do{ c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if (c3 == 61) return string; c3 = base64DecodeChars[c3] } while ( i < len && c3 == -1 ); if (c3 == -1) break; string += String.fromCharCode(((c2 & 0XF) << 4) | ((c3 & 0x3C) >> 2)); do{ c4 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if (c4 == 61) return string; c4 = base64DecodeChars[c4] } while ( i < len && c4 == -1 ); if (c4 == -1) break; string += String.fromCharCode(((c3 & 0x03) << 6) | c4) } return string; }上面代碼的測試代碼
document.write(base64_encode('www.companysz.com')); document.write('<br />'); document.write(base64_decode('aHR0cDovL3d3dy5qYjUxLm5ldA==')); 實現(xiàn)代碼二：針對utf8
<script language='javascript'>/* utf.js - UTF-8 <=> UTF-16 convertion** Copyright (C) 1999 Masanao Izumo <[email protected]>* Version: 1.0* LastModified: Dec 25 1999* This library is free. You can redistribute it and/or modify it.*//** Interfaces:* utf8 = utf16to8(utf16);* utf16 = utf16to8(utf8);*/function utf16to8(str) { var out, i, len, c; out = ""; len = str.length; for(i = 0; i < len; i++) { c = str.charCodeAt(i); if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) { out += str.charAt(i); } else if (c > 0x07FF) { out += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | ((c >> 12) & 0x0F)); out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3F)); out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F)); } else { out += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | ((c >> 6) & 0x1F)); out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F)); } } return out;}function utf8to16(str) { var out, i, len, c; var char2, char3; out = ""; len = str.length; i = 0; while(i < len) { c = str.charCodeAt(i++); switch(c >> 4) { case 0: case 1: case 2: case 3: case 4: case 5: case 6: case 7: // 0xxxxxxx out += str.charAt(i-1); break; case 12: case 13: // 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++); out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x1F) << 6) | (char2 & 0x3F)); break; case 14: // 1110 xxxx 10xx xxxx 10xx xxxx char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++); char3 = str.charCodeAt(i++); out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x0F) << 12) | ((char2 & 0x3F) << 6) | ((char3 & 0x3F) << 0)); break; } } return out;}/* Copyright (C) 1999 Masanao Izumo <[email protected]>* Version: 1.0* LastModified: Dec 25 1999* This library is free. You can redistribute it and/or modify it.*//** Interfaces:* b64 = base64encode(data);* data = base64decode(b64);*/var base64EncodeChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";var base64DecodeChars = new Array( -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1);function base64encode(str) { var out, i, len; var c1, c2, c3; len = str.length; i = 0; out = ""; while(i < len) { c1 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if(i == len) { out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c1 & 0x3) << 4); out += "=="; break; } c2 = str.charCodeAt(i++); if(i == len) { out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3)<< 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4)); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c2 & 0xF) << 2); out += "="; break; } c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3)<< 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4)); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c2 & 0xF) << 2) | ((c3 & 0xC0) >>6)); out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c3 & 0x3F); } return out;}function base64decode(str) { var c1, c2, c3, c4; var i, len, out; len = str.length; i = 0; out = ""; while(i < len) { /* c1 */ do { c1 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff]; } while(i < len && c1 == -1); if(c1 == -1) break; /* c2 */ do { c2 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff]; } while(i < len && c2 == -1); if(c2 == -1) break; out += String.fromCharCode((c1 << 2) | ((c2 & 0x30) >> 4)); /* c3 */ do { c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if(c3 == 61) return out; c3 = base64DecodeChars[c3]; } while(i < len && c3 == -1); if(c3 == -1) break; out += String.fromCharCode(((c2 & 0XF) << 4) | ((c3 & 0x3C) >> 2)); /* c4 */ do { c4 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff; if(c4 == 61) return out; c4 = base64DecodeChars[c4]; } while(i < len && c4 == -1); if(c4 == -1) break; out += String.fromCharCode(((c3 & 0x03) << 6) | c4); } return out;}//input base64 encodefunction strdecode(str){ return utf8to16(base64decode(str));}
新聞熱點
疑難解答
