最近一個項目是一個基于winform的報告系統(tǒng)，根據(jù)一系列的查詢參數(shù)計算出結(jié)果，最終生成一個格式規(guī)范的word文檔，剛開始數(shù)據(jù)量不大（500行）數(shù)據(jù)以內(nèi)，寫入速度還能接受，但最近遇到一個問題就是當(dāng)出現(xiàn)大量的數(shù)據(jù)行的時候，寫入word的過程就變的非常慢，CPU直接拉到100%，本人機器配置已經(jīng)算比較高的了，8G內(nèi)存+i5CPU，依舊假死，該問題困擾了我?guī)滋?，也問了google很多次，基本上給出的答案都是word本身就比較慢這樣一類的答案，或者是非托管代碼的優(yōu)化，慢也就算了，至少可以通過進度條來交互，假死到報錯，這個絕對是零容忍的。嘗試了很多種方法，包括將非托管代碼強制進行回收，多線程等方式，最終都失敗了，當(dāng)然，黃天不負(fù)有心人最終總算是解決了問題了，我的數(shù)據(jù)量不算特別巨大，就4000多行寫入表中，廢話少說，直接貼代碼：
常規(guī)寫入word表格的方法：
#region Replace Title
foreach (KeyValuePair<AnalyteReNameEntity, DataTable> d in dicList)
{
AnalyteReNameEntity key = d.Key;
if (dicList.Count > 2)
{
if (index.Equals(dicList.Count - 2))
{
analyteTitles += key.NewAnalyteName + " and ";
}
else
{
analyteTitles += key.NewAnalyteName + " , ";
}
}
else if (dicList.Count == 2)
{
analyteTitles += key.NewAnalyteName + " and ";
}
else
{
analyteTitles += key.NewAnalyteName;
}
index++;
}
analyteTitles = analyteTitles.Trim().TrimEnd('d').TrimEnd('n').TrimEnd('a').Trim().Trim(',');
sectionWordTools.WordReplace("for Abc000", "for " + analyteTitles, true, wd);
#endregion
int wordTableCount = 0;
foreach (KeyValuePair<AnalyteReNameEntity, DataTable> d in dicList)
{
AnalyteReNameEntity key = d.Key;
DataView dv = d.Value.DefaultView;
dv.Sort = "Custom ID";
DataTable dt = dv.ToTable();
#region 處理dt
if (dt.Columns["analyteid"] != null)
{
dt.Columns.Remove("analyteid");
} if (dt.Columns["id"] != null)
{
dt.Columns.Remove("id");
}
if (dt.Columns["reportid"] != null)
{
dt.Columns.Remove("reportid");
}
if (dt.Columns["studyid"] != null)
{
dt.Columns.Remove("studyid");
}
if (dt.Columns["analyteid"] != null)
{
dt.Columns.Remove("analyteid");
}
#endregion
//第一個WordTable
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.Table tb = wd.Tables[wd.Tables.Count];
#region 填充值
if (dt.Rows.Count > 0)
{
object beforerow = tb.Rows[2];
//表頭
for (int i = 1; i <= dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
tb.Cell(1, i).Range.Text = dt.Columns[i - 1].ColumnName;
}
for (int k = 1; k <= dt.Rows.Count; k++)
{
//模板上默認(rèn)有2行了，添加行數(shù)
if (k <= dt.Rows.Count - 2)
{
tb.Rows.Add(ref beforerow);
}
for (int i = 1; i <= dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
tb.Cell(k + 1, i).Range.Text = dt.Rows[k - 1][dt.Columns[i - 1].ColumnName].ToString();
}
}
}
#endregion
sectionWordTools.WordReplace("Abc000", key.NewAnalyteName, true, wd);
#region 處理備注
string notStr = GetCurrentReassayReason(key.AnalyteID);
//notStr = "Reasons for Reassay:/r1). Confirmation Assay/r2). ALQ/rReasons for Reported Conc.:/r1). The only valid result is reported./r20. Reassay results selected according to procedure defined in study protocol";
sectionWordTools.WordReplace("Repeat analysis Tipis", notStr, true, wd);
#endregion
//根據(jù)內(nèi)容調(diào)整表格
//tb.AutoFitBehavior(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdAutoFitBehavior.wdAutoFitContent);
//根據(jù)窗口調(diào)整表格
//tb.AutoFitBehavior(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdAutoFitBehavior.wdAutoFitWindow);
if (wordTableCount < dicList.Count - 1)
{
// wa.Selection.TypeParagraph();//回車
wd.Paragraphs.Last.Range.Select();
wa.Selection.Paste();
}
wordTableCount++;
#region 處理整體格式
object lefttopstr = tb.Cell(2, 1).Range.Start;
object leftbottomend = tb.Cell(tb.Rows.Count, tb.Columns.Count).Range.End;
wd.Range(ref lefttopstr, ref leftbottomend).Select();
sectionWordTools.AddBorderNoneLineStyle(wa, false, false, true, true, true, true, true, true);
#endregion
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Tools.RecordErrorList(ex.Message, ex);
}
}
上面的代碼就是通過winwordControl控件加載word模板，一行一行向word表格中寫入數(shù)據(jù)，新的表格通過書簽復(fù)制后粘貼，然后繼續(xù)一行一行的寫入，數(shù)據(jù)量在500行以內(nèi)的時候，速度還是可以接受的，當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)量增大之后，就很慢了
改進后的代碼，主要用到了分頁的思想，將集合或者datatable進行分頁，每頁處理50行數(shù)據(jù)，處理完了之后保存到臨時文件，釋放掉word資源，再打開臨時文件，接著上次的寫入位置繼續(xù)寫入。釋放word資源就是為了解決寫入數(shù)據(jù)量過大假死報錯的問題。希望對處理word的朋友有幫助
//獲得分組，只有分組了的才統(tǒng)計，默認(rèn)已經(jīng)分好組，組可以調(diào)整
List<string> groupList = commonBLL.GetAnalyteGroupList(this.reportId, COMMON_TYPE);
List<List<AnalyteReNameEntity>> analyteGroupList = new List<List<AnalyteReNameEntity>>();
#region 確定Table分組的數(shù)量
foreach (string group in groupList)
{
List<AnalyteReNameEntity> currentGroupList = commonBLL.GetAnalyteReNameList(this.reportId, this.studyId, group);
if (currentGroupList.Count > 0)
{
analyteGroupList.Add(currentGroupList);
}
}
#endregion
if (analyteGroupList.Count > 0)
{
int wordTableCount = 0;
foreach (List<AnalyteReNameEntity> currentGroupList in analyteGroupList)
{
//第一個WordTable
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.Table tb = wd.Tables[wd.Tables.Count];
string key = globalBLL.AnalyteAppendString(currentGroupList);
//需要寫入word的結(jié)果集
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
#region 構(gòu)造word中的列頭
foreach (ReportColumnsEntity rc in rceList)
{
dt.Columns.Add(rc.ReportText, typeof(string));
}
foreach (AnalyteReNameEntity ar in currentGroupList)
{
dt.Columns.Add(ar.NewAnalyteName + " Concentration (ng/mL)", typeof(string));
}
dt.Columns.Add("Comments", typeof(string));
#endregion
#region 構(gòu)造Word中的行的DataTable
for (int i = 0; i < currentGroupList.Count; i++)
{
DataRow[] rows = dtResult.Select(string.Format(" analyteid={0}", currentGroupList[i].AnalyteID));
if (i == 0)
{
#region i=0,填充包括列頭
for (int k = 0; k < rows.Length; k++)
{
string conc = Utils.EffectiveNumber(rows[k]["concentration"].ToString(), "3");
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
foreach (ReportColumnsEntity rc in rceList)
{
if (rc.WatsonText.Equals("concentration"))
{
dr[rc.ReportText] = Utils.EffectiveNumber(rows[k][rc.WatsonText].ToString(), "3");
}
else
{
dr[rc.ReportText] = rows[k][rc.WatsonText].ToString();
}
}
dr["Comments"] = "NA";
dr[currentGroupList[i].NewAnalyteName + " Concentration (ng/mL)"] = conc;
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}
#endregion
}
else
{
for (int k = 0; k < rows.Length; k++)
{
string conc = Utils.EffectiveNumber(rows[k]["concentration"].ToString(), "3");
//對分析物濃度列重新賦值
dt.Rows[k][currentGroupList[i].NewAnalyteName + " Concentration (ng/mL)"] = conc;
}
}
}
DataTable dtTemp = dt.Copy();
DataView dv = dt.DefaultView;
dv.Sort = "Subject ID";
dtTemp = dv.ToTable();
dt = dtTemp;
#endregion
#region 填充值
if (dt.Rows.Count > 0)
{
#region 根據(jù)列合并拆分單元格
object wordColumnsCount = dt.Columns.Count;
object rownum = 1;
for (int k = 0; k < 5; k++)
{
for (int i = 1; i < tb.Columns.Count; i++)
{
tb.Cell(k, i).Range.Text = " ";
}
}
//先合并，再拆分 Selection.Cells.Merge
for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++)
{
object start = tb.Cell(i, 1).Range.Start;
object end = tb.Cell(i, 6).Range.End;
wd.Range(ref start, ref end).Select();
wa.Selection.Cells.Merge();
}
for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++)
{
tb.Cell(i, 1).Split(ref rownum, ref wordColumnsCount);
}
#endregion
//關(guān)閉屏幕更新
wa.ScreenUpdating = false;
#region 表頭的填充
//表頭填充
for (int i = 1; i <= dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
tb.Cell(1, i).Range.Text = dt.Columns[i - 1].ColumnName;
}
#endregion
#region 填充值
#region 分頁
object missing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
object saveOption = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdSaveOptions.wdDoNotSaveChanges; //解決normal.dot問題
object beforerow = tb.Rows[3];
int dtRowCounts = dt.Rows.Count;//10;//
int columnCount = dt.Columns.Count;
int pageSize = 50;
//分頁的總頁數(shù)
int totalPages = DataUtils.GetPageCounts(dtRowCounts, pageSize);
for (int index = 1; index <= totalPages; index++)
{
tb = wd.Tables[wd.Tables.Count];
beforerow = tb.Rows[3 + (index - 1) * pageSize];
DataTable pageDt = DataUtils.GetPagedTable(dt, index, pageSize);
#region 添加行和數(shù)據(jù)
for (int k = 2; k < pageDt.Rows.Count + 2; k++)
{
//模板上已經(jīng)有三行了，最后一頁少添加3行
if (index.Equals(totalPages))
{
if (k < pageDt.Rows.Count - 3)
{
tb.Rows.Add(ref beforerow);
}
}
else
{
tb.Rows.Add(ref beforerow);
}
//添加行的同時填充單元格的值，減少一次全循環(huán)
for (int i = 1; i <= pageDt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
tb.Cell(k + (index - 1) * pageSize, i).Range.Text = pageDt.Rows[k - 2][pageDt.Columns[i - 1].ColumnName].ToString();
}
}
#endregion
//填充完P(guān)ageSize條數(shù)據(jù)，先保存再重新加載填充
object savePath = filePath;
wd.SaveAs(ref savePath, ref missing,
ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing,
ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing);
wa.ScreenUpdating = true;
wd = null;
wa = null;
Thread.Sleep(10);
//重新加載
wdC.LoadDocument(filePath);
wd = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.Document)wdC.document;
wa = wd.Application;
wa.ScreenUpdating = false;
}
#endregion
#endregion
//打開屏幕更新
//wa.ActiveDocument.ActiveWindow.WindowState = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdWindowState.wdWindowStateMaximize;
wa.ScreenUpdating = true;
}
#endregion
#region Paste Table
sectionWordTools.WordReplace("Abc000", key, true, wd);
tb = wd.Tables[wd.Tables.Count];
//根據(jù)內(nèi)容調(diào)整表格
tb.AutoFitBehavior(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdAutoFitBehavior.wdAutoFitContent);
//根據(jù)窗口調(diào)整表格
tb.AutoFitBehavior(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdAutoFitBehavior.wdAutoFitWindow);
if (wordTableCount < analyteGroupList.Count - 1)
{
// wa.Selection.TypeParagraph();//回車
wd.Paragraphs.Last.Range.Select();
wa.Selection.Paste();
}
wordTableCount++;
#endregion
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Tools.RecordErrorList(ex.Message, ex);
}
}
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