修改mysql的配置文件,使數(shù)據(jù)庫與服務(wù)器操作系統(tǒng)的字符集設(shè)置一致。
    vi /etc/my.cnf 設(shè)置(如果沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)文件，就新建1個(gè))
    [mysqld]
    datadir=/var/lib/mysql
    socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
    default-character-set=utf8  (增加的關(guān)鍵一句,使得數(shù)據(jù)庫缺省以u(píng)tf8存儲(chǔ))
    當(dāng)然，修改后，要重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫。
   
    再次用mysql -u root -p命令進(jìn)入數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)，用SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';命令查看到如下內(nèi)容：
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                                                 |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                                                                |
| character_set_connection | latin1                                                                |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                                                  |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                                                |
| character_set_results    | latin1                                                                |
| character_set_server     | utf8                                                                  |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                                                  |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/mysql-5.1.20-beta-linux-i686-glibc23/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
    發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)用了utf8，但這樣還不夠，還要保證客戶端也是用utf8的字符集來操作的。
    登錄的時(shí)候，要用以下命令：mysql --default-character-set=utf8 -u root -p
  
    再次用SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';命令查看，結(jié)果變成了：
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                                                 |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                                                                  |
| character_set_connection | utf8                                                                  |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                                                  |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                                                |
| character_set_results    | utf8                                                                  |
| character_set_server     | utf8                                                                  |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                                                  |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/mysql-5.1.20-beta-linux-i686-glibc23/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
    這樣才能保證客戶端所發(fā)命令都是基于utf8格式的，比如說建立數(shù)據(jù)庫和表，默認(rèn)就會(huì)以u(píng)tf8編碼，而無須再次指定。

需要說明一下，如果在修改編碼之前已經(jīng)建好數(shù)據(jù)庫，需要?jiǎng)h掉原來，重新建立數(shù)據(jù)庫。