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Android的AlertDialog詳解

2020-10-21 21:55:12
字體：大 中 小
來源：轉載
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AlertDialog的構造方法全部是Protected的，所以不能直接通過new一個AlertDialog來創建出一個AlertDialog。
要創建一個AlertDialog，就要用到AlertDialog.Builder中的create()方法。
使用AlertDialog.Builder創建對話框需要了解以下幾個方法：
setTitle ：為對話框設置標題
setIcon ：為對話框設置圖標
setMessage：為對話框設置內容
setView ： 給對話框設置自定義樣式
setItems ：設置對話框要顯示的一個list，一般用于顯示幾個命令時
setMultiChoiceItems ：用來設置對話框顯示一系列的復選框
setNeutralButton    ：普通按鈕
setPositiveButton   ：給對話框添加"Yes"按鈕
setNegativeButton ：對話框添加"No"按鈕
create ： 創建對話框
show ：顯示對話框
一、簡單的AlertDialog
下面，創建一個簡單的ALertDialog并顯示它：

[java]  package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.app.AlertDialog; 
import android.app.Dialog; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
 
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity { 
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @Override 
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView(R.layout.main); 
 
        Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this). 
                setTitle("對話框的標題"). 
                setMessage("對話框的內容"). 
                setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher). 
                create(); 
        alertDialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {
 /** Called when the activity is first created. */
 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.main);
  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("對話框的標題").
    setMessage("對話框的內容").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
 }
}運行結果如下：
 /
 

二、帶按鈕的AlertDialog
上面的例子很簡單，下面我們在這個AlertDialog上面加幾個Button，實現刪除操作的提示對話框

[java] package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.app.AlertDialog; 
import android.app.Dialog; 
import android.content.DialogInterface; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
 
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity { 
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @Override 
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView(R.layout.main); 
 
        Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this). 
                setTitle("確定刪除？"). 
                setMessage("您確定刪除該條信息嗎？"). 
                setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher). 
                setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
                     
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
                     
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                setNeutralButton("查看詳情", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
                     
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                create(); 
        alertDialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {
 /** Called when the activity is first created. */
 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.main);
  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("確定刪除？").
    setMessage("您確定刪除該條信息嗎？").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).
    setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
     
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
     
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    setNeutralButton("查看詳情", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
     
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
 }
}在這個例子中，我們定義了三個按鈕，分別是"Yes"按鈕，"No"按鈕以及一個普通按鈕，每個按鈕都有onClick事件，TODO的地方可以放點了按鈕之后想要做的一些處理
看一下運行結果：
 /

可以看到三個按鈕添加到了AlertDialog上，三個沒有添加事件處理的按鈕，點了只是關閉對話框，沒有任何其他操作。
 
 
 
三、類似ListView的AlertDialog
用setItems(CharSequence[] items, final OnClickListener listener)方法來實現類似ListView的AlertDialog
第一個參數是要顯示的數據的數組，第二個參數是點擊某個item的觸發事件

[java] package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.app.AlertDialog; 
import android.app.Dialog; 
import android.content.DialogInterface; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.widget.Toast; 
 
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity { 
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @Override 
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView(R.layout.main); 
 
        final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" }; 
 
        Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this). 
                setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？"). 
                setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher) 
                .setItems(arrayFruit, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
  
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this, arrayFruit[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
                    } 
                }). 
                setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
 
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                create(); 
        alertDialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {
 /** Called when the activity is first created. */
 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.main);
  final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };
  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
    .setItems(arrayFruit, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
 
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this, arrayFruit[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
     }
    }).
    setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
 }
}運行結果如下：
 /
 
 
 
四、類似RadioButton的AlertDialog
用setSingleChoiceItems(CharSequence[] items, int checkedItem, final OnClickListener listener)方法來實現類似RadioButton的AlertDialog
第一個參數是要顯示的數據的數組，第二個參數是初始值（初始被選中的item），第三個參數是點擊某個item的觸發事件
在這個例子里面我們設了一個selectedFruitIndex用來記住選中的item的index

[java] package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.app.AlertDialog; 
import android.app.Dialog; 
import android.content.DialogInterface; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.widget.Toast; 
 
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity { 
     
    private int selectedFruitIndex = 0; 
     
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @Override 
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView(R.layout.main); 
 
        final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" }; 
 
        Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this). 
                setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？"). 
                setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher) 
                .setSingleChoiceItems(arrayFruit, 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
  
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        selectedFruitIndex = which; 
                    } 
                }). 
                setPositiveButton("確認", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
 
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this, arrayFruit[selectedFruitIndex], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
                    } 
                }). 
                setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
 
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                create(); 
        alertDialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {
 
 private int selectedFruitIndex = 0;
 
 /** Called when the activity is first created. */
 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.main);
  final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };
  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
    .setSingleChoiceItems(arrayFruit, 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
 
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      selectedFruitIndex = which;
     }
    }).
    setPositiveButton("確認", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this, arrayFruit[selectedFruitIndex], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
     }
    }).
    setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
 }
}
運行結果如下：
 /
 

五、類似CheckBox的AlertDialog
用setMultiChoiceItems(CharSequence[] items, boolean[] checkedItems, final OnMultiChoiceClickListener listener)方法來實現類似CheckBox的AlertDialog
第一個參數是要顯示的數據的數組，第二個參數是選中狀態的數組，第三個參數是點擊某個item的觸發事件

[java] package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.app.AlertDialog; 
import android.app.Dialog; 
import android.content.DialogInterface; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.widget.Toast; 
 
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity { 
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @Override 
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView(R.layout.main); 
 
        final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" }; 
        final boolean[] arrayFruitSelected = new boolean[] {true, true, false, false}; 
 
        Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this). 
                setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？"). 
                setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher) 
                .setMultiChoiceItems(arrayFruit, arrayFruitSelected, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() { 
                     
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) { 
                        arrayFruitSelected[which] = isChecked; 
                    } 
                }). 
                setPositiveButton("確認", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
 
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(); 
                        for (int i = 0; i < arrayFruitSelected.length; i++) { 
                            if (arrayFruitSelected[i] == true) 
                            { 
                                stringBuilder.append(arrayFruit[i] + "、"); 
                            } 
                        } 
                        Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this, stringBuilder.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
                    } 
                }). 
                setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
 
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                create(); 
        alertDialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {
 /** Called when the activity is first created. */
 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.main);
  final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };
  final boolean[] arrayFruitSelected = new boolean[] {true, true, false, false};
  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
    .setMultiChoiceItems(arrayFruit, arrayFruitSelected, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {
     
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
      arrayFruitSelected[which] = isChecked;
     }
    }).
    setPositiveButton("確認", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
      for (int i = 0; i < arrayFruitSelected.length; i++) {
       if (arrayFruitSelected[i] == true)
       {
        stringBuilder.append(arrayFruit[i] + "、");
       }
      }
      Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this, stringBuilder.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
     }
    }).
    setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
 }
}運行結果如下：
 /
 
 
六、自定義View的AlertDialog
有時候我們不能滿足系統自帶的AlertDialog風格，就比如說我們要實現一個Login畫面，有用戶名和密碼，這時我們就要用到自定義View的AlertDialog
先創建Login畫面的布局文件
[html] <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="fill_parent" 
    android:orientation="vertical" > 
 
    <LinearLayout 
        android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
        android:gravity="center" > 
 
        <TextView 
            android:layout_width="0dip" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_weight="1" 
            android:text="@string/user" /> 
 
        <EditText 
            android:layout_width="0dip" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_weight="1" /> 
    </LinearLayout> 
 
    <LinearLayout 
        android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
        android:gravity="center" > 
 
        <TextView 
            android:layout_width="0dip" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_weight="1" 
            android:text="@string/passward" /> 
 
        <EditText 
            android:layout_width="0dip" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_weight="1" /> 
    </LinearLayout> 
 
</LinearLayout> 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center" >
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="@string/user" />
        <EditText
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1" />
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center" >
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="@string/passward" />
        <EditText
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
然后在Activity里面把Login畫面的布局文件添加到AlertDialog上
[java] package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.app.AlertDialog; 
import android.app.Dialog; 
import android.content.DialogInterface; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.view.LayoutInflater; 
import android.view.View; 
 
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity { 
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @Override 
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView(R.layout.main); 
 
        // 取得自定義View  
        LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this); 
        View myLoginView = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.login, null); 
         
        Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this). 
                setTitle("用戶登錄"). 
                setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher). 
                setView(myLoginView). 
                setPositiveButton("登錄", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
 
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
 
                    @Override 
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                create(); 
        alertDialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {
 /** Called when the activity is first created. */
 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.main);
  // 取得自定義View
  LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);
  View myLoginView = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.login, null);
  
  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("用戶登錄").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).
    setView(myLoginView).
    setPositiveButton("登錄", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
 }
}運行結果如下：
 /
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