struct _zend_op {opcode_handler_t handler; // 執(zhí)行該opcode時調用的處理函數(shù)znode_op op1; // opcode所操作的操作數(shù)znode_op op2; // opcode所操作的操作數(shù)znode_op result;ulong extended_value;uint lineno;zend_uchar opcode; // opcode代碼zend_uchar op1_type;zend_uchar op2_type;zend_uchar result_type;}; 

void zend_do_print(znode *result, const znode *arg TSRMLS_DC) /* {{{ */{ //新創(chuàng)建一條zend_op zend_op *opline = get_next_op(CG(active_op_array) TSRMLS_CC);//將新建的zend_op的返回值類型設置為臨時變量(IS_TMP_VAR)，因為print中的內存僅僅為了臨時輸出，并不需要保存opline->result_type = IS_TMP_VAR;//為臨時變量申請空間opline->result.var = get_temporary_variable(CG(active_op_array));//指定opcode為ZEND_PRINTopline->opcode = ZEND_PRINT;//將傳遞進來的參數(shù)賦值給這條opcode的第一個操作數(shù)SET_NODE(opline->op1, arg);SET_UNUSED(opline->op2);GET_NODE(result, opline->result);}

#define ZEND_NOP 0#define ZEND_ADD 1#define ZEND_SUB 2#define ZEND_MUL 3#define ZEND_DIV 4#define ZEND_MOD 5#define ZEND_SL 6#define ZEND_SR 7#define ZEND_CONCAT 8#define ZEND_BW_OR 9#define ZEND_BW_AND 10#define ZEND_BW_XOR 11#define ZEND_BW_NOT 12#define ZEND_BOOL_NOT 13#define ZEND_BOOL_XOR 14#define ZEND_IS_IDENTICAL 15#define ZEND_IS_NOT_IDENTICAL 16#define ZEND_IS_EQUAL 17#define ZEND_IS_NOT_EQUAL 18#define ZEND_IS_SMALLER 19#define ZEND_IS_SMALLER_OR_EQUAL 20#define ZEND_CAST 21#define ZEND_QM_ASSIGN 22#define ZEND_ASSIGN_ADD 23#define ZEND_ASSIGN_SUB 24#define ZEND_ASSIGN_MUL 25#define ZEND_ASSIGN_DIV 26#define ZEND_ASSIGN_MOD 27#define ZEND_ASSIGN_SL 28#define ZEND_ASSIGN_SR 29#define ZEND_ASSIGN_CONCAT 30#define ZEND_ASSIGN_BW_OR 31#define ZEND_ASSIGN_BW_AND 32#define ZEND_ASSIGN_BW_XOR 33#define ZEND_PRE_INC 34#define ZEND_PRE_DEC 35#define ZEND_POST_INC 36#define ZEND_POST_DEC 37#define ZEND_ASSIGN 38#define ZEND_ASSIGN_REF 39#define ZEND_ECHO 40#define ZEND_PRINT 41#define ZEND_JMP 42#define ZEND_JMPZ 43#define ZEND_JMPNZ 44#define ZEND_JMPZNZ 45#define ZEND_JMPZ_EX 46#define ZEND_JMPNZ_EX 47#define ZEND_CASE 48#define ZEND_SWITCH_FREE 49#define ZEND_BRK 50#define ZEND_CONT 51#define ZEND_BOOL 52#define ZEND_INIT_STRING 53#define ZEND_ADD_CHAR 54#define ZEND_ADD_STRING 55#define ZEND_ADD_VAR 56#define ZEND_BEGIN_SILENCE 57#define ZEND_END_SILENCE 58#define ZEND_INIT_FCALL_BY_NAME 59#define ZEND_DO_FCALL 60#define ZEND_DO_FCALL_BY_NAME 61#define ZEND_RETURN 62#define ZEND_RECV 63#define ZEND_RECV_INIT 64#define ZEND_SEND_VAL 65#define ZEND_SEND_VAR 66#define ZEND_SEND_REF 67#define ZEND_NEW 68#define ZEND_INIT_NS_FCALL_BY_NAME 69#define ZEND_FREE 70#define ZEND_INIT_ARRAY 71#define ZEND_ADD_ARRAY_ELEMENT 72#define ZEND_INCLUDE_OR_EVAL 73#define ZEND_UNSET_VAR 74#define ZEND_UNSET_DIM 75#define ZEND_UNSET_OBJ 76#define ZEND_FE_RESET 77#define ZEND_FE_FETCH 78#define ZEND_EXIT 79#define ZEND_FETCH_R 80#define ZEND_FETCH_DIM_R 81#define ZEND_FETCH_OBJ_R 82#define ZEND_FETCH_W 83#define ZEND_FETCH_DIM_W 84#define ZEND_FETCH_OBJ_W 85#define ZEND_FETCH_RW 86#define ZEND_FETCH_DIM_RW 87#define ZEND_FETCH_OBJ_RW 88#define ZEND_FETCH_IS 89#define ZEND_FETCH_DIM_IS 90#define ZEND_FETCH_OBJ_IS 91#define ZEND_FETCH_FUNC_ARG 92#define ZEND_FETCH_DIM_FUNC_ARG 93#define ZEND_FETCH_OBJ_FUNC_ARG 94#define ZEND_FETCH_UNSET 95#define ZEND_FETCH_DIM_UNSET 96#define ZEND_FETCH_OBJ_UNSET 97#define ZEND_FETCH_DIM_TMP_VAR 98#define ZEND_FETCH_CONSTANT 99#define ZEND_GOTO 100#define ZEND_EXT_STMT 101#define ZEND_EXT_FCALL_BEGIN 102#define ZEND_EXT_FCALL_END 103#define ZEND_EXT_NOP 104#define ZEND_TICKS 105#define ZEND_SEND_VAR_NO_REF 106#define ZEND_CATCH 107#define ZEND_THROW 108#define ZEND_FETCH_CLASS 109#define ZEND_CLONE 110#define ZEND_RETURN_BY_REF 111#define ZEND_INIT_METHOD_CALL 112#define ZEND_INIT_STATIC_METHOD_CALL 113#define ZEND_ISSET_ISEMPTY_VAR 114#define ZEND_ISSET_ISEMPTY_DIM_OBJ 115#define ZEND_PRE_INC_OBJ 132#define ZEND_PRE_DEC_OBJ 133#define ZEND_POST_INC_OBJ 134#define ZEND_POST_DEC_OBJ 135#define ZEND_ASSIGN_OBJ 136#define ZEND_INSTANCEOF 138#define ZEND_DECLARE_CLASS 139#define ZEND_DECLARE_INHERITED_CLASS 140#define ZEND_DECLARE_FUNCTION 141#define ZEND_RAISE_ABSTRACT_ERROR 142#define ZEND_DECLARE_CONST 143#define ZEND_ADD_INTERFACE 144#define ZEND_DECLARE_INHERITED_CLASS_DELAYED 145#define ZEND_VERIFY_ABSTRACT_CLASS 146#define ZEND_ASSIGN_DIM 147#define ZEND_ISSET_ISEMPTY_PROP_OBJ 148#define ZEND_HANDLE_EXCEPTION 149#define ZEND_USER_OPCODE 150#define ZEND_JMP_SET 152#define ZEND_DECLARE_LAMBDA_FUNCTION 153#define ZEND_ADD_TRAIT 154#define ZEND_BIND_TRAITS 155#define ZEND_SEPARATE 156#define ZEND_QM_ASSIGN_VAR 157#define ZEND_JMP_SET_VAR 158#define ZEND_DISCARD_EXCEPTION 159#define ZEND_YIELD 160#define ZEND_GENERATOR_RETURN 161#define ZEND_FAST_CALL 162#define ZEND_FAST_RET 163#define ZEND_RECV_VARIADIC 164#define ZEND_SEND_UNPACK 165#define ZEND_POW 166#define ZEND_ASSIGN_POW 167 

void zend_init_opcodes_handlers(void){static const opcode_handler_t labels[] = {..ZEND_ASSIGN_SPEC_CV_CONST_HANDLER,..}}

typedef struct _znode { /* used only during compilation *//*這個int類型的字段定義znode操作數(shù)的類型#define IS_CONST (1<<0) //表示常量，例如$a = 123; $b = "hello";這些代碼生成OP后，123和"hello"都是以常量類型操作數(shù)存在#define IS_TMP_VAR (1<<1) //表示臨時變量，臨時變量一般在前面加~來表示，這是一些OP執(zhí)行過程中需要用到的中間變量，例如初始化一個數(shù)組的時候，就需要一個臨時變量來暫時存儲數(shù)組zval，然后將數(shù)組賦值給變量#define IS_VAR (1<<2) //一般意義上的變量，以$開發(fā)表示#define IS_UNUSED (1<<3) // Unused variable #define IS_CV (1<<4) // Compiled variable，這種類型的操作數(shù)比較重要，此類型是在PHP后來的版本中(大概5.1)中才出現(xiàn)，CV的意思是compiled variable，即編譯后的變量，變量都是保存在一個符號表中，這個符號表是一個哈希表，如果每次讀寫變量的時候都需要到哈希表中去檢索，會對效率有一定的影響，因此在執(zhí)行上下文環(huán)境中，會將一些編譯期間生成的變量緩存起來。此類型操作數(shù)一般以!開頭表示，比如變量$a=123;$b="hello"這段代碼，$a和$b對應的操作數(shù)可能就是!0和!1, 0和1相當于一個索引號，通過索引號從緩存中取得相應的值*/int op_type;/*此字段為一個聯(lián)合體，根據(jù)op_type的不同，u取不同的值1. op_type=IS_CONST的時候，u中的constant保存的就是操作數(shù)對應的zval結構2. 例如$a=123時，123這個操作數(shù)中，u中的constant是一個IS_LONG類型的zval,其值lval為123 */union {znode_op op;zval constant; /* replaced by literal/zv */zend_op_array *op_array;zend_ast *ast;} u;zend_uint EA; /* extended attributes */} znode; 

zend_op *opline = get_next_op(CG(active_op_array) TSRMLS_CC); 

struct _zend_op_array {/* Common elements */zend_uchar type;const char *function_name; // 如果是用戶定義的函數(shù)則，這里將保存函數(shù)的名字zend_class_entry *scope;zend_uint fn_flags;union _zend_function *prototype;zend_uint num_args;zend_uint required_num_args;zend_arg_info *arg_info;/* END of common elements */zend_uint *refcount;zend_op *opcodes; // opcode數(shù)組zend_uint last;zend_compiled_variable *vars;int last_var;zend_uint T;zend_uint nested_calls;zend_uint used_stack;zend_brk_cont_element *brk_cont_array;int last_brk_cont;zend_try_catch_element *try_catch_array;int last_try_catch;zend_bool has_finally_block;/* static variables support */HashTable *static_variables;zend_uint this_var;const char *filename;zend_uint line_start;zend_uint line_end;const char *doc_comment;zend_uint doc_comment_len;zend_uint early_binding; /* the linked list of delayed declarations */zend_literal *literals;int last_literal;void **run_time_cache;int last_cache_slot;void *reserved[ZEND_MAX_RESERVED_RESOURCES];}; 

ZEND_API void execute(zend_op_array *op_array TSRMLS_DC){// ... 循環(huán)執(zhí)行op_array中的opcode或者執(zhí)行其他op_array中的opcode}

http://www.nowamagic.net/librarys/veda/detail/1325http://php.net/manual/zh/internals2.opcodes.list.phphttp://www.nowamagic.net/librarys/veda/detail/1543http://www.nowamagic.net/librarys/veda/detail/1324http://www.nowamagic.net/librarys/veda/detail/1543 http://www.laruence.com/2008/06/18/221.htmlhttp://www.php-internals.com/book/?p=chapt02/02-03-02-opcode 

http://www.php-internals.com/book/?p=chapt02/02-03-03-from-opcode-to-handler