上篇詳解了CentOS安裝LNMP+Mongodb生產(chǎn)環(huán)境，現(xiàn)在詳解它們的部署，多數(shù)已經(jīng)在安裝時執(zhí)行過了，此處主要做解釋以及常用維護：

============================================= MySQL #用戶組groupadd mysql#用戶useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false#MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫存放目錄/home/mysql/data#MySQL運行目錄/usr/local/mysql#配置文件/etc/my.cnf#服務(wù)腳本/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld#通信文件/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock#改默認密碼sqlalter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'sa'; #允許root遠程登錄，改密碼為'sa'的sqlGRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sa' WITH GRANT OPTION;flush privileges;#禁止root遠程登錄的sqldelete from mysql.user where host<>'localhost' and user='root';flush privileges;#讀寫賬號#master 寫>mysql grant select,insert,update,delete,create,alter,index on mydb.* to 'web'@'%' identified by '123456';>mysql flush privileges;#slave 讀>mysql grant select on mydb.* to 'web'@'%' identified by '123456';>mysql flush privileges;============================================= nginx#用戶組groupadd www#用戶useradd -g www www -s /bin/false#運行目錄/usr/local/nginx#服務(wù)腳本/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx#配置文件/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf#網(wǎng)站根目錄/usr/local/nginx/html/============================================= php#運行目錄/usr/local/php#ini文件，帶軟鏈接ln -s /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini#配置文件，帶軟鏈接ln -s /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf /etc/php-fpm.conf#服務(wù)腳本/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm#安裝php擴展，比如“xxx”；所有此般編譯后的so都應(yīng)在/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20121212/cd xxx/usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config makemake installvi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini   #加入 extension="xxx.so"#memcache服務(wù)運行目錄/usr/local/memcached#memcache服務(wù)腳本/etc/init.d/memcached============================================= MongoDB#用戶組groupadd mongodb#用戶useradd -g mongodb mongodb -s /bin/false#運行目錄/usr/local/mongodb#數(shù)據(jù)目錄mkdir -p /home/mongodb/db#日志目錄mkdir -p /home/mongodb/log#配置文件/usr/local/mongodb/mongodb.conf#pid路徑/usr/local/mongodb/mongo.pid#服務(wù)腳本/etc/rc.d/init.d/mongod#【！！坑?。　恐貑ongodb進程后，必須重啟php-fpm、httpd、java等所有已連接客戶端的進程，否則返回“Remote server has closed the connection”#啟動MongoDBmongo  #進入MongoDB控制臺show dbs #查看默認數(shù)據(jù)庫use admin  #切換到admin數(shù)據(jù)庫exit #退出MongoDB控制臺#創(chuàng)建索引>mongo db.table01.ensureIndex({"myid":1});============================================== sphinx#運行目錄/usr/local/sphinx#配置文件/usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx.conf#索引文件存放目錄/home/sphinx#服務(wù)腳本/etc/rc.d/init.d/sphinx#啟動進程/usr/local/sphinx/bin/searchd  -c /usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx.conf#重建索引/usr/local/sphinx/bin/indexer  --config /usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx.conf --all --rotate#停止索引和進程/usr/local/sphinx/bin/searchd  --config /usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx.conf --stop#如果sphinx文件太大，刪除對應(yīng)存放目錄文件再重建增量索引文件夾cd /home/sphinx/rm * -frmkdir indexdelta# 如果sphinx服務(wù)無法啟動或者啟動有錯誤，可嘗試重命名 mv /usr/local/sphinx/var/data/binlog.meta文件，再重啟則ok============================================== jreyum install java-1.8.0-openjdk-develvi /etc/profile export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_71  export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre  export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib  export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH :wq!source /etc/profile============================================== mysql 同步# 讀寫賬號master 寫grant select,insert,update,delete,create,alter,index on sqtdb.* to 'web'@'%' identified by '123456';flush privileges;slave 讀grant select on sqtdb.* to 'web'@'%' identified by '123456';flush privileges;

********* master vi /etc/my.cnf[mysqld]server-id=100binlog-format=mixedlog-bin=mysql-binmax_binlog_size=1000Mbinlog-do-db=mydb#binlog-ignore-db=mysql#binlog-ignore-db=information_schema#binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema#binlog-ignore-db=sys#root登錄master建立同步賬號>mysql grant replication slave on *.* to 'replc'@'%' identified by '123456';********* slave vi /etc/my.cnf[mysqld]server-id=200binlog-format=mixedlog-bin=mysql-binmax_binlog_size=1000Mbinlog-do-db=mydb#binlog-ignore-db=mysql#binlog-ignore-db=information_schema#binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema#binlog-ignore-db=sys#root 登錄slave>mysql change master to master_host='192.168.1.100',master_user='replc',master_passWord='123456',master_connect_retry=100;>mysql show slave status/G;  #查看同步是否主要是查看Slave_IO_Running與Slave_SQL_Running選項。如果正常同步，這兩選必須同時為“YES”。#如果啟動slave時報錯 ERROR 1872 (HY000): Slave failed to initialize relay log info structure from the repository>mysql reset slave; # 先reset（慎用！先記下slave當前日志文件名和位置，如果reset后日志名和位置不對，則直接用stop再change master）>mysql start slave; # 之后可以使用start 啟動了#如果要重新同步，先在master上執(zhí)行>mysql flush logs; 然后 >mysql show master status; 得到File、Position，再到slave執(zhí)行以下語句：>mysql stop slave;>mysql change master to master_host='192.168.1.100',master_user='replc',master_password='123456',master_log_file="localhost-bin.000004",master_log_pos=659,master_connect_retry=100;>mysql start slave;# 完全重新同步辦法----slave>mysql stop slave;----master>mysql flush tables with read lock;   #先鎖表 ！?。?gt;mysql show master status/G;mysql-bin.000021 | 47529419# 使用大批量的導(dǎo)出方式，導(dǎo)入也隨之加速，如果數(shù)據(jù)大就帶參數(shù)gzip/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p --default-character-set=utf8 -e --max_allowed_packet=41943040 --net_buffer_length=41043040 mydb|gzip > /home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql.gz----slavescp [email protected]:/home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql.gz /home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql.gzgzip -d -c /home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql.gz > /home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql>mysql drop database mydb;>mysql create database `mydb` character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;mysql  -uroot -p mydb</home/mysql/mydb20160606.sql----master>mysql unlock tables;   #slave導(dǎo)入完成再unlock ?。。?---slave>mysql change master to master_host='192.168.1.100',master_user='replc',master_password='123456',master_log_file="mysql-bin.000021",master_log_pos=47529419,master_connect_retry=100;>mysql start slave;  #如果有“Slave failed to initialize relay log info structure from the repository”錯誤先 reset slave再 change master ……>mysql show slave status/G;============================================== mongodb 主從同步（推薦轉(zhuǎn)用副本集模式）# master 修改啟動腳本vi /etc/init.d/mongod/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod  --maxConns 20000  --config /usr/local/mongodb/mongodb.conf --master# slave 修改啟動腳本vi /etc/init.d/mongod/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod  --maxConns 20000  --config /usr/local/mongodb/mongodb.conf --slave --source 192.168.1.100:27017# 【注意】從節(jié)點slave是只讀，不能提供寫操作的；如果寫操作要切換到slave，slave必須先停止mongo進程，再修改mongo啟動腳本為master模式，最后重新啟動mongo進程；# 增加slave只可在業(yè)務(wù)影響小的時候操作，否則slave首次同步時的鎖表會影響master的讀取；# 【切記】重啟mongodb進程后，必須重啟php-fpm、httpd、java等所有已連接客戶端的進程，否則返回“Remote server has closed the connection”============================================= apache2+ftp server（選裝）#用戶和組User apacheGroup apache#運行/usr/sbin/httpd#配置/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf#網(wǎng)站根/var/www/html#systemctl服務(wù)/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.servicesystemctl enable httpd.service #安裝vsftpdyum -y install vsftpdvi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conflocal_root = /var/www/htmluseradd myftp -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/www/html -g ftppasswd myftp    #設(shè)ftp密碼chown -R myftp /var/www/htmlchmod -R 777 /var/www/htmlsystemctl enable vsftpd.service vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables   # 80端口看實際情況設(shè)置-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPTvi /etc/sysconfig/iptables-config   # 增加2項IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_conntrack_ftp"IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_nat_ftp"systemctl restart iptables.service

============================================= 修改服務(wù)器ip、mysql賬戶，則修改對應(yīng)文件和sql#如果mongodb綁定了ip，則更改vi /usr/local/mongodb/mongodb.conf#如果master的同步賬號也更換了，也要隨之更改以下sql語句中的同步賬號：先在master上執(zhí)行>mysql flush logs; 然后 >mysql show master status; 得到File、Position，再到slave上執(zhí)行以下語句：>mysql stop slave;>mysql change master to master_host='新的ip',master_user='replc',master_password='123456',master_log_file="localhost-bin.000004",master_log_pos=659,master_connect_retry=100;>mysql start slave;>mysql show slave status/G;   #等待1分鐘左右再執(zhí)行此句============================================= mysql binglog exportmysqlbinlog -u root -p --start-datetime='2016-10-27 10:00:14' --stop-datetime='2016-10-27 13:02:14' /home/mysql/data/mysql-bin.000001 > /home/mysql/20161027-1.binlog============================================= 單獨恢復(fù)mysql某表1.解壓備份文件，得到完整備份文件sql2.shell執(zhí)行得到該表數(shù)據(jù)并保存到某個sql文件grep 'INSERT INTO `tbl_001` VALUES' mydb20160606.sql > /home/mysql/dbbak/ex001.sql3.mysql中清除數(shù)據(jù)>mysql truncate table tbl_001;# 如果遇到外鍵約束禁止truncate，當前會話中執(zhí)行 set foreign_key_checks=0;  數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)完畢后記得當前會話恢復(fù)約束 set foreign_key_checks=1;4.mysql中導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)，完成數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)>mysql source /home/mysql/dbbak/ex001.sql;