Spring Mvc + Spring + Mybatis3 搭建Web工程詳解

2019-11-14 09:46:12

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SPRing MVC + Spring + Mybatis3 搭建Web工程原理

可能需要用到參考：

Maven創(chuàng)建web項(xiàng)目：http://blog.csdn.net/liangmaoxuan/article/details/54172426

項(xiàng)目例子下載地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/liangmaoxuan/9747471

Mybatis逆向工程：http://blog.csdn.net/liangmaoxuan/article/details/54563615

引入的jar包：

包也需要搭配正確，少包或錯(cuò)誤版本包搭配也會(huì)出現(xiàn)未知的錯(cuò)誤，會(huì)讓人糾結(jié)死，網(wǎng)上也有很多同類型的包自己選擇版本

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>	<groupId>com.lmx.ptest</groupId>	<artifactId>ptest</artifactId>	<packaging>war</packaging>	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>	<name>ptest Maven Webapp</name>	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>	<properties>		<!-- spring版本號(hào) -->		<spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>		<!-- mybatis版本號(hào) -->		<mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>		<!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->		<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>		<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>	</properties>	<dependencies>		<dependency>			<groupId>junit</groupId>			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>			<version>4.12</version>			<!-- 表示開(kāi)發(fā)的時(shí)候引入，發(fā)布的時(shí)候不會(huì)加載此包 -->			<scope>test</scope>		</dependency>		<!-- spring核心包 -->		<dependency>			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>			<version>${spring.version}</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>			<version>${spring.version}</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>			<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>			<version>${spring.version}</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>			<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>			<version>${spring.version}</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>			<version>${spring.version}</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>			<version>${spring.version}</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>			<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>			<version>${spring.version}</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>			<version>${spring.version}</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>			<version>${spring.version}</version>		</dependency>		<!-- mybatis核心包 -->		<dependency>			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>			<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>			<version>${mybatis.version}</version>		</dependency>		<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->		<dependency>			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>			<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>			<version>1.2.2</version>		</dependency>		<!-- 導(dǎo)入java ee jar 包 -->		<dependency>			<groupId>javax</groupId>			<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>			<version>7.0</version>		</dependency>		<!-- 導(dǎo)入MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)鏈接jar包 -->		<dependency>			<groupId>mysql</groupId>			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>			<version>5.1.25</version>		</dependency>		<!-- 導(dǎo)入dbcp的jar包，用來(lái)在applicationContext.xml中配置數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) -->		<dependency>			<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>			<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>			<version>1.2.2</version>		</dependency>		<!-- JSTL標(biāo)簽類 -->		<dependency>			<groupId>jstl</groupId>			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>			<version>1.2</version>		</dependency>		<!-- 日志文件管理包 -->		<!-- log start -->		<dependency>			<groupId>log4j</groupId>			<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>			<version>${log4j.version}</version>		</dependency>		<!-- 格式化對(duì)象，方便輸出日志 -->		<dependency>			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>			<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>			<version>1.1.41</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>			<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>			<version>${slf4j.version}</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>			<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>			<version>${slf4j.version}</version>		</dependency>		<!-- log end -->		<!-- 映入JSON -->		<dependency>			<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>			<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>			<version>1.9.13</version>		</dependency>		<!-- 上傳組件包 -->		<dependency>			<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>			<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>			<version>1.3.1</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>commons-io</groupId>			<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>			<version>2.4</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>			<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>			<version>1.9</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>			<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>			<version>2.7.8</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>			<artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>			<version>1.10.19</version>		</dependency>		<dependency>			<groupId>junit</groupId>			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>			<version>4.12</version>		</dependency>	</dependencies>	<build>		<plugins>			<plugin>				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>				<version>2.3.2</version>				<configuration>					<source>1.7</source>					<target>1.7</target>				</configuration>			</plugin>		</plugins>		<finalName>ptest</finalName>	</build></project>
1.設(shè)置web.xml
（1）spring 方面：
spring 啟動(dòng)時(shí)候會(huì)首先去執(zhí)行放在WEB-INF/目錄下applicationContext.xml文件(如果在web.xml中不寫任何參數(shù)配置信息，默認(rèn)的路徑是"/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml),在啟動(dòng)Web 容器時(shí)，自動(dòng)裝配Spring applicationContext.xml 的配置信息。
PS:
WEB-INF目錄下創(chuàng)建的xml文件的名稱必須是applicationContext.xml。如果是要自定義文件名可以在web.xml里加入contextConfigLocation這個(gè)context參數(shù)，多個(gè)相同前綴也可以使用通配符(*).
ContextLoaderListener的作用就是啟動(dòng)Web容器時(shí)，自動(dòng)裝配ApplicationContext的配置信息。系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候，系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)加載org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener這個(gè)類，然后由它負(fù)責(zé)創(chuàng)建Spring容器即WebApplicationContext，系統(tǒng)會(huì)把bean放在其中，保存在內(nèi)存，需要時(shí)候就會(huì)取出，一般情況下，創(chuàng)建完成后，負(fù)責(zé)IOC操作，你不需要獲取它，如果非要在程序中調(diào)用它，可以通過(guò)WebApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);來(lái)獲取這個(gè)容器。
 <!-- Spring監(jiān)聽(tīng)器 -->      <listener>          <listener-class>               org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener         </listener-class>      </listener>  
對(duì)應(yīng)的重命名applicationContext.xml文件改名后指定的位置    <!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->      <context-param>          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>          <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>      </context-param>  （2）spring MVC方面：
容器初始化時(shí)候一同初始化Servlet，并且監(jiān)聽(tīng)指定入口（/，*.do,*.action等），監(jiān)聽(tīng)被激活時(shí)候，進(jìn)入spring MVC處理并且返回輸出
  <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->      <servlet>          <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>          <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>          <init-param>          <!-- 對(duì)應(yīng)的XML文件 -->                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>                         <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>          </init-param>          <!-- 初始化時(shí)候啟動(dòng) -->          <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>          <async-supported>true</async-supported>      </servlet>      <servlet-mapping>          <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>          <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>      </servlet-mapping>  
2.設(shè)置XML
（1）Spring 對(duì)應(yīng)的spring-mybatis.xml文件設(shè)置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd  	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd  	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">	<!--會(huì)對(duì)base-package包或者子包下的所有的進(jìn)行java類進(jìn)行掃描,并把匹配的java類注冊(cè)成bean。 -->	<context:component-scan base-package="com.lmx" />	<!-- 開(kāi)啟注解模式 PS:要使用spring mvc中的@Controller注解，就必須要配置<mvc:annotation-driven 		/>， 否則org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet無(wú)法找到控制器并把請(qǐng)求分發(fā)到控制器 -->	<mvc:annotation-driven />	<!-- 通過(guò)把對(duì)應(yīng)值發(fā)射進(jìn)入class類內(nèi)組建dataSource對(duì)象 以下只需通過(guò)ID反射調(diào)用傳送對(duì)象 -->	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"		destroy-method="close">		<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/netcare_db" />		<property name="username" value="root" />		<property name="passWord" value="" />	</bean>	<!-- 通過(guò)把對(duì)應(yīng)值發(fā)射進(jìn)入class類內(nèi)組建datsqlsessionFactory對(duì)象 以下只需通過(guò)ID反射調(diào)用傳送對(duì)象 -->	<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />		<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapping/*.xml"></property>	</bean>	<!-- MapperScannerConfigurer 自動(dòng)掃描 將Mapper接口生成代理注入到Spring -->	<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">		<property name="basePackage" value="com.lmx"></property>		<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>	</bean>	<!-- 創(chuàng)建sqlSessionTemplate類 -->	<bean id="sqlSessionTemplate" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">		<constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />	</bean>	<!-- 創(chuàng)建事務(wù) -->	<bean id="transactionManager"		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />	</bean></beans>  
（1）Spring 對(duì)應(yīng)的spring-MVC.xml文件設(shè)置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">              <!--避免IE執(zhí)行Ajax時(shí)，返回JSON出現(xiàn)下載文件 -->      <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"          class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">          <property name="supportedMediaTypes">              <list>                  <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>              </list>          </property>      </bean>      <!-- 啟動(dòng)SpringMVC的注解功能，完成請(qǐng)求和注解POJO的映射 -->      <bean          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">          <property name="messageConverters">              <list>                  <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- JSON轉(zhuǎn)換器 -->              </list>          </property>      </bean>      <!-- 定義跳轉(zhuǎn)的文件的前后綴 ，視圖模式配置-->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">          <!-- 這里的配置我的理解是自動(dòng)給后面action的方法return的字符串加上前綴和后綴，變成一個(gè) 可用的url地址 -->          <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />          <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />      </bean>        </beans>  
到這里配置已經(jīng)完成。
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