Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate增查（使用注解）

2019-11-14 15:37:05

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使用SPRing+Spring MVC+Hibernate做增刪改查開發效率真的很高。使用Hibernate簡化了JDBC連接數據庫的的重復性代碼。下面根據自己做的一個簡單的增加和查詢，把一些難點分析出來：

首先項目目錄結構：（Hibernate持久化數據連接信息交給Spring進行管理；別忘了加入Hibernate和Spring相關的架包.jar）

第一步：弄個用戶實體類（配置Users.hbm.xml映射文件）：

 1 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity; 2  3  4  5 public class Users { 6      7     private int id;//id 8     private String username;//用戶名 9     private String passWord;//密碼10     private String sex;//性別11     /**12      * @return the id13      */14     public int getId() {15         return id;16     }17     /**18      * @param id the id to set19      */20     public void setId(int id) {21         this.id = id;22     }23     /**24      * @return the username25      */26     public String getUsername() {27         return username;28     }29     /**30      * @param username the username to set31      */32     public void setUsername(String username) {33         this.username = username;34     }35     /**36      * @return the password37      */38     public String getPassword() {39         return password;40     }41     /**42      * @param password the password to set43      */44     public void setPassword(String password) {45         this.password = password;46     }47     /**48      * @return the sex49      */50     public String getSex() {51         return sex;52     }53     /**54      * @param sex the sex to set55      */56     public void setSex(String sex) {57         this.sex = sex;58     }59     60 }

 1 <?xml version="1.0"?> 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC  3     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" 4     "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> 5  6  7 <hibernate-mapping 8     package="com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity"> 9 10     <class name="Users" table="t_users">11         <id name="id">12             <generator class="increment"/>13         </id>14         <property name="username" />15         <property name="password"/>16         <property name="sex"/>17     </class>18     19     20 </hibernate-mapping>

第二步：建個Dao層（公共類）

 1 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao; 2  3 import java.util.List; 4  5 /* 6  * 公共類 7  */ 8 public interface IBaseDao<T> { 9     //保存對象10     public void save(T t);11     //刪除對象12     public void delete(int id);13     //更新對象14     public void update(T t);15     //根據id查詢對象16     public T getObjectByid(int id);17     //查詢所有對象18     public List<T> getObjectALL();19     //根據一組id查詢一組對象20     public List<T> getObjectByids(int ids);21 22 }

 1 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.Impl; 2  3 import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType; 4 import java.util.List; 5  6 import javax.annotation.Resource; 7  8 import org.hibernate.sessionFactory; 9 10 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;11 12 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao;13 14 /*15  * 公共方法實現類16  */17 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")18 @Transactional19 public class IBaseDaoImpl<T> implements IBaseDao<T>{20    21     //注入sessionfactory22     @Resource23     SessionFactory sessionFactory;24     Class clazz;25     26 27     //構造方法：獲取T的真實類型28     public IBaseDaoImpl(){29         ParameterizedType pType=(ParameterizedType) this.getClass().getGenericSuperclass();30         clazz=(Class) pType.getActualTypeArguments()[0];31     System.out.print(clazz.getSimpleName());32     33     }34     /*35      * 刪除對象36      * (non-Javadoc)37      * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#delete(int)38      */39     public void delete(int id) {40         // TODO Auto-generated method stub41         sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().delete(42                 sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().get(clazz, id));    43     }44 45     /*46      * 查詢所有對象47      * (non-Javadoc)48      * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#getObjectALL()49      */50     51     public List<T> getObjectALL() {52 //        System.out.println("=====："+"from"+clazz.getSimpleName());53 //        System.out.println("=====："+"from    "+clazz.getSimpleName());54 //        System.out.println("--------------"+clazz.getSimpleName());55         return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from "+clazz.getSimpleName()).list();56     }57       /*58        * 根據id獲取對象59        * (non-Javadoc)60        * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#getObjectByid(int)61        */62     public T getObjectByid(int id) {63         // TODO Auto-generated method stub64         return (T) sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().get(clazz, id);65     }66 67 68     /*69      * 根據一組id獲取一組對象70      * (non-Javadoc)71      * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#getObjectByids(int)72      */73     public List<T> getObjectByids(int ids) {74         // TODO Auto-generated method stub75         return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(76         "from"+clazz.getSimpleName()+"where id in(:ids)").setParameter("ids", ids).list();77     }78     /*79      * 保存對象80      * (non-Javadoc)81      * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#save(java.lang.Object)82      */83     public void save(T t) {84         // TODO Auto-generated method stub85     sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(t);    86     }87 88     public void update(T t) {89         // TODO Auto-generated method stub90         sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().update(t);91     }92 93 }

第三步：Servse用戶邏輯層

 1 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse; 2  3 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao; 4 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity.Users; 5  6 /* 7  * 用戶邏輯層 8  */ 9 10 public interface IUserService extends IBaseDao<Users>{11    //定義特有方法。。。12 }

 1 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse.Impl; 2  3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; 4  5 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.Impl.IBaseDaoImpl; 6 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse.IUserService; 7 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity.Users; 8 /* 9  * 用戶實現類10  * 11  */12 @Service("userService")13 public class IUserServiceImpl extends  IBaseDaoImpl<Users> implements IUserService{14 15 }

第四步：配置applicationContext.xml和springmvc.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 3     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 4     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 5     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 6     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 7            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 8            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 9            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd10            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx11            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">12 13          14    15     <!-- 引入外部配置文件 -->16     <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:Oracle.properties" />17 18     <!-- 配置數據源(將所有的配置寫在Spirng中) -->19     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">20 21         <!-- 數據庫連接信息 -->22         <property name="url" value="${url}" />23         <property name="username" value="${username}" />24         <property name="password" value="${password}" />25         <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}" />26 27         <!-- 最大連接數 -->28         <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}" />29         <!-- 最大空閑數 -->30         <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}" />31         <!--最小空閑數-->32         <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}" />33         <!-- 初始連接數 -->34         <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}" />35 36     </bean>37 38     <!-- 創建sessionFactory -->39     <bean id="sessionFactory"40         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">41         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />42 43 44         <!-- 配置Hibernate配置信息 -->45         <property name="hibernateProperties">46             <props>47                 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>48                 <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>49                 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</prop>50             </props>51         </property>52 53         <!-- 配置實體類映射信息 -->54         <property name="mappingResources">55             <list>56             57                 <value>com/ssh/SpringMVC/enity/Users.hbm.xml</value>58                 59            </list>60         </property>61 62     </bean>63 64     <!--    配置事務管理器    -->65     <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">66         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>67     </bean>68     69     70 71 </beans>

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 3     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 4     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 5     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 6            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 7            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 8            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 9            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx10            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">11 12     <!--    SpringMVC的配置規則和Spring是一樣的：無縫集成    -->13         <!-- 配置掃描器;自動裝配 -->14     <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh.SpringMVC" />15     16       <!-- 注解事務配置 -->17     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />18     19     <!--    配置視圖    -->20     <bean id="internalView"21         class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">22         <!--    配置視圖前綴    -->23         24         <property name="prefix" value="/" />25         <!--    配置視圖后綴    -->26         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />27     </bean>28 29 30 </beans>

web.xml配置：

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <web-app version="2.5"  3     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  4     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  5     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee  6     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> 7      8     <!-- spring監聽器： --> 9     <listener>10     <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>11     12     </listener>13     14     <!-- 指定spring文件路徑 -->15     <context-param>16     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>17     <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>18     </context-param>19     20     <!-- =====================配置spring mvc  Start================================= -->21     <servlet>22     <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>23     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>24     25     <!--配置springmvc路勁-->26     <init-param>27     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>28     <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>29     </init-param>30     <!--    >=0代表web容器啟動的時候加載servlet(數字代表優先級)    -->31     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>32     </servlet>33     34     <servlet-mapping>35     <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>36     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>37     38     </servlet-mapping>39     40     <!--    配置編碼過濾器    -->41     <filter>42         <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>43         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>44         <init-param>45             <param-name>encoding</param-name>46             <param-value>utf-8</param-value>47         </init-param>48         <init-param>49             <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>50             <param-value>true</param-value>51         </init-param>52     </filter>53     <filter-mapping>54         <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>55         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>56     </filter-mapping>57     58     59     60   <welcome-file-list>61     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>62   </welcome-file-list>63 </web-app>

第五步：注冊頁面：

 1 <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 2 <% 3 String path = request.getContextPath(); 4 String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; 5 %> 6  7 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 8 <html> 9   <head>10     <base href="<%=basePath%>">11     12     <title>用戶注冊</title>13    14 15   </head>16   17   <body>18     <form action="userController?add" method="post">19     <table>20     <tr>21     <td>用戶名：</td>22         <td><input type="text" name="username" /></td>23     </tr>24       <tr>25       <td>密碼：</td>26         <td><input type="text" name="password" /></td>27       </tr>28         <tr>29         <td>性別：</td>30         <td><input type="radio" name="sex" value="男" />男 &nbsp;<input type="radio" name="sex" value="女" />女</td>31         </tr>32           <tr>33           <td></td>34         <td><input type="submit" /></td>35           </tr>36     37     38     </table>39    40     </form>41   </body>42 </html>

注冊跳轉至處理頁：

 1 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.controller; 2  3  4 import java.util.List; 5  6 import javax.annotation.Resource; 7  8  9 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;10 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;11 12 13 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse.IUserService;14 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity.Users;15 16 /**17  * 控制層18  * @author Administrator19  *20  */21 @org.springframework.stereotype.Controller22 @RequestMapping("/userController")23 public class UserController {24     25     //注入業務層26     @Resource27     IUserService userService;28     /*29      * 添加用戶30      */31     @RequestMapping(params="add")32     public String add(Users user){33         userService.save(user);34         35         return "redirect:userController?all";36             37     }38     /*39      * 查詢所有對象40      */41     @RequestMapping(params="all")42     public ModelAndView all(){43         44         //list集合45         List<Users> li=userService.getObjectALL();46 47         return new ModelAndView("index","userLi",li);48     }49 }

然后跳轉至index.jsp查詢所有用戶信息：

 1 <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 2 <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"  prefix="c"%> 3 <% 4 String path = request.getContextPath(); 5 String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; 6 %> 7  8 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 9 <html>10   <head>11     <base href="<%=basePath%>">12     13     <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>14     <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">15     <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">16     <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    17     <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">18     <meta http-equiv="descr content="This is my page">19     <!--20     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/CSS" href="styles.css">21     -->22   </head>23   24  <body>25     <table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">26         <tr>27             <th>id</th>28             <th>姓名</th>29             <th>密碼</th>30             <th>性別</th>31         </tr>32         <c:forEach items="${userLi}" var="li">33             <tr>34                 <td>${li.id}</td>35                 <td>${li.username}</td>36                 <td>${li.password}</td>37                 <td>${li.sex}</td>38             </tr>39         </c:forEach>40     </table>41    42 </body>43 </html>

陷阱先知：

本人在做查詢的時候犯了個嚴重的不細心的問題：錯誤如下：

因為這個錯糾結了一個多小時。原因是什么，看下圖就明白了：

查詢語句忘記了打空格，本來查詢from Users，結果from Users合成一個fromUsers,才出現上面的錯，都是不細心造成的，謹記，下次務犯。

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