前一篇隨筆已將介紹了三種驗證碼生成的方法（純數(shù)字、數(shù)字與字母結合、四則運算式），那這篇隨筆將接著前一篇的內容，繼續(xù)介紹驗證碼的生成方法——中文彩色驗證碼。
在登錄一些管理網(wǎng)站時，可以看到網(wǎng)頁中的驗證碼是以漢字形式出現(xiàn)的。漢字的形式比字母和數(shù)字混合驗證碼技術更先進。通過使用帶有各種色彩的漢字驗證碼，可以有效地防止非法用戶灌水。
首先新建一個VryImgGen類，在其中定義生成中文彩色驗證碼的方法：
public class VryImgGen
{
public static string ChineseChars = String.Empty;
/// <summary>
/// 英文與數(shù)字串
/// </summary>
public VryImgGen()
{
rnd = new Random(unchecked((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks));
}
/// <summary>
/// 全局隨機數(shù)生成器
/// </summary>
private Random rnd;
int length = 5;
/// <summary>
/// 驗證碼長度(默認6個驗證碼的長度)
/// </summary>
public int Length
{
get { return length; }
set { length = value; }
}
int fontSize = 18;
/// <summary>
/// 驗證碼字體大小(為了顯示扭曲效果，默認30像素，可以自行修改)
/// </summary>
public int FontSize
{
get { return fontSize; }
set { fontSize = value; }
}
int padding = 4;
/// <summary>
/// 邊框補(默認4像素)
/// </summary>
public int Padding
{
get { return padding; }
set { padding = value; }
}
bool chaos = true;
/// <summary>
/// 是否輸出燥點(默認輸出)
/// </summary>
public bool Chaos
{
get { return chaos; }
set { chaos = value; }
}
Color chaosColor = Color.LightGray;
/// <summary>
/// 輸出燥點的顏色(默認灰色)
/// </summary>
public Color ChaosColor
{
get { return chaosColor; }
set { chaosColor = value; }
}
Color backgroundColor = Color.White;
/// <summary>
/// 自定義背景色(默認白色)
/// </summary>
public Color BackgroundColor
{
get { return backgroundColor; }
set { backgroundColor = value; }
}
Color[] colors = { Color.Black, Color.Red, Color.DarkBlue, Color.Green, Color.Orange, Color.Brown, Color.DarkCyan, Color.Purple };
/// <summary>
/// 自定義隨機顏色數(shù)組
/// </summary>
public Color[] Colors
{
get { return colors; }
set { colors = value; }
}
string[] fonts = { "Arial", "Georgia" };
/// <summary>
/// 自定義字體數(shù)組
/// </summary>
public string[] Fonts
{
get { return fonts; }
set { fonts = value; }
}
#region 產(chǎn)生波形濾鏡效果
private const double PI = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795;
private const double PI2 = 6.283185307179586476925286766559;
/// <summary>
/// 正弦曲線Wave扭曲圖片（Edit By 51aspx.com）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="srcBmp">圖片路徑</param>
/// <param name="bXDir">如果扭曲則選擇為True</param>
/// <param name="nMultValue">波形的幅度倍數(shù)，越大扭曲的程度越高，一般為3</param>
/// <param name="dPhase">波形的起始相位，取值區(qū)間[0-2*PI)</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public System.Drawing.Bitmap TwistImage(Bitmap srcBmp, bool bXDir, double dMultValue, double dPhase)
{
System.Drawing.Bitmap destBmp = new Bitmap(srcBmp.Width, srcBmp.Height);
// 將位圖背景填充為白色
System.Drawing.Graphics graph = System.Drawing.Graphics.FromImage(destBmp);
graph.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.White), 0, 0, destBmp.Width, destBmp.Height);
graph.Dispose();
double dBaseAxisLen = bXDir ? (double)destBmp.Height : (double)destBmp.Width;
for (int i = 0; i < destBmp.Width; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < destBmp.Height; j++)
{
double dx = 0;
dx = bXDir ? (PI2 * (double)j) / dBaseAxisLen : (PI2 * (double)i) / dBaseAxisLen;
dx += dPhase;
double dy = Math.Sin(dx);
// 取得當前點的顏色
int nOldX = 0, nOldY = 0;
nOldX = bXDir ? i + (int)(dy * dMultValue) : i;
nOldY = bXDir ? j : j + (int)(dy * dMultValue);
System.Drawing.Color color = srcBmp.GetPixel(i, j);
if (nOldX >= 0 && nOldX < destBmp.Width
&& nOldY >= 0 && nOldY < destBmp.Height)
{
destBmp.SetPixel(nOldX, nOldY, color);
}
}
}
return destBmp;
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 生成校驗碼圖片
/// </summary>
/// <param name="code">驗證碼</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Bitmap CreateImage(string code)
{
int fSize = FontSize;
int fWidth = fSize + Padding;
int imageWidth = (int)(code.Length * fWidth) + 4 + Padding * 2;
int imageHeight = fSize * 2 + Padding * 2;
System.Drawing.Bitmap image = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(imageWidth, imageHeight);
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(image);
g.Clear(BackgroundColor);
//給背景添加隨機生成的燥點
if (this.Chaos)
{
Pen pen = new Pen(ChaosColor, 0);
int c = Length * 10;
for (int i = 0; i < c; i++)
{
int x = rnd.Next(image.Width);
int y = rnd.Next(image.Height);
g.DrawRectangle(pen, x, y, 1, 1);
}
}
int left = 0, top = 0, top1 = 1, top2 = 1;
int n1 = (imageHeight - FontSize - Padding * 2);
int n2 = n1 / 4;
top1 = n2;
top2 = n2 * 2;
Font f;
Brush b;
int cindex, findex;
//隨機字體和顏色的驗證碼字符
for (int i = 0; i < code.Length; i++)
{
cindex = rnd.Next(Colors.Length - 1);
findex = rnd.Next(Fonts.Length - 1);
f = new System.Drawing.Font(Fonts[findex], fSize, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);
b = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(Colors[cindex]);
if (i % 2 == 1)
{
top = top2;
}
else
{
top = top1;
}
left = i * fWidth;
g.DrawString(code.Substring(i, 1), f, b, left, top);
}
//畫一個邊框 邊框顏色為Color.Gainsboro
g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Gainsboro, 0), 0, 0, image.Width - 1, image.Height - 1);
g.Dispose();
//產(chǎn)生波形（Add By 51aspx.com）
image = TwistImage(image, true, 8, 4);
return image;
}
/// <summary>
/// 生成隨機字符碼
/// </summary>
/// <param name="codeLen">字符串長度</param>
/// <param name="zhCharsCount">中文字符數(shù)</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string CreateVerifyCode(int codeLen, int zhCharsCount)
{
char[] chs = new char[codeLen];
int index;
for (int i = 0; i < zhCharsCount; i++)
{
index = rnd.Next(0, codeLen);
if (chs[index] == '/0')
chs[index] = CreateZhChar();
else
--i;
}
for (int i = 0; i < codeLen; i++)
{
if (chs[i] == '/0')
chs[i] = CreateEnOrNumChar();
}
return new string(chs, 0, chs.Length);
}
/// <summary>
/// 生成默認長度5的隨機字符碼
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string CreateVerifyCode()
{
return CreateVerifyCode(Length, 0);
}
/// <summary>
/// 生成英文或數(shù)字字符
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
protected char CreateEnOrNumChar()
{
return EnglishOrNumChars[rnd.Next(0, EnglishOrNumChars.Length)];
}
/// <summary>
/// 生成漢字字符
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
protected char CreateZhChar()
{
//若提供了漢字集，查詢漢字集選取漢字
if (ChineseChars.Length > 0)
{
return ChineseChars[rnd.Next(0, ChineseChars.Length)];
}
//若沒有提供漢字集，則根據(jù)《GB2312簡體中文編碼表》編碼規(guī)則構造漢字
else
{
byte[] bytes = new byte[2];
//第一個字節(jié)值在0xb0, 0xf7之間
bytes[0] = (byte)rnd.Next(0xb0, 0xf8);
//第二個字節(jié)值在0xa1, 0xfe之間
bytes[1] = (byte)rnd.Next(0xa1, 0xff);
//根據(jù)漢字編碼的字節(jié)數(shù)組解碼出中文漢字
string str1 = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312").GetString(bytes);
return str1[0];
}
}
}
然后在CheckCode的Page_Load中調用上述的方法：
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
VryImgGen gen = new VryImgGen();
string verifyCode = gen.CreateVerifyCode(5, 1);
session["VerifyCode"] = verifyCode.ToUpper();
System.Drawing.Bitmap bitmap = gen.CreateImage(verifyCode);
System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream(); //創(chuàng)建內存流
bitmap.Save(ms, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png); //將驗證碼圖片存入內存流
Response.Clear();
Response.ContentType = "image/Png"; //設置輸出流類型
Response.BinaryWrite(ms.GetBuffer()); //寫入輸出流
bitmap.Dispose(); //釋放資源
ms.Dispose();
ms.Close();
Response.End();
}
至于比較驗證碼輸入的正確性，和上一篇中相似就不再具體說明了。
第一次寫博客，不知道怎么入手，有什么意見可以幫忙指出。
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