詳解Android系統(tǒng)中跨應(yīng)用數(shù)據(jù)分享功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)

2019-12-12 06:41:50

字體：大中小

供稿：網(wǎng)友

一個(gè)Andoird應(yīng)用程序的重要的地方是他們有相互溝通和整合的能力，一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序可以和另一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序交互，接下來我們來看看Android應(yīng)用之間的內(nèi)容分享
當(dāng)你構(gòu)建Intent的時(shí)候，必須要指定Intent的Action觸發(fā)，定義Intent的Action例如ACTION_SEND，你大概可以猜到指定Action為ACTION_SEND的Intent的作用是從一個(gè)Activity發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)到另一個(gè)Activity，甚至跨越不同的進(jìn)程，將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送給另一個(gè)Activity，你需要指定數(shù)據(jù)和他的類型，系統(tǒng)將識別接收的Activity，并顯示他們給用戶（假如有多個(gè)選擇的時(shí)候）或者立即啟動(dòng)Activity（只要一個(gè)選擇的時(shí)候）
1.發(fā)送文本內(nèi)容：

最直接最常用的是用ACTION_SEND來從一個(gè)應(yīng)用發(fā)送文本內(nèi)容到另一個(gè)應(yīng)用，例如，我們的內(nèi)置瀏覽器可以與任何頁面當(dāng)前的URL來共享文字，下面的例子就是共享文本內(nèi)容

Intent sendIntent = new Intent(); sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); //這里是你發(fā)送的文本 sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "我用手機(jī)測試分享內(nèi)容"); sendIntent.setType("text/plain"); startActivity(sendIntent);

假如你安裝了過濾Action為ACTION_SEND，MIMEtype為“text/plain”的應(yīng)用程序，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)就會啟動(dòng)，假如系統(tǒng)匹配到多個(gè)這樣子的應(yīng)用程序，他就會彈出一個(gè)Dialog列出所有的應(yīng)用供用戶選擇（一個(gè)選擇器），如下圖

201641152740097.png (290×550)

可能你覺得上面的代碼很簡單，我很容易就能寫出來，可是你發(fā)現(xiàn)了沒有，當(dāng)我們的手機(jī)里面沒有地圖類型的應(yīng)用程序，你執(zhí)行startActivity方法，你的程序就會出現(xiàn)Crash（崩潰），所以我們需要先判斷下系統(tǒng)是否有這類型的應(yīng)用程序，判斷也很簡單

public boolean hasApplication(Intent intent){   PackageManager packageManager = getPackageManager();   //查詢是否有該Intent的Activity   List<ResolveInfo> activities = packageManager.queryIntentActivities(intent, 0);   //activities里面不為空就有，否則就沒有   return activities.size() > 0 ? true : false;

所以我們在startActivity的時(shí)候要做上面的判斷，這樣子我們開發(fā)出來的程序才會更加的健壯，少一些Crash用戶體驗(yàn)也會更好，假如每次都要判斷你師傅會覺得煩？所以我們也可以使用Intent的Intent.createChooser方法
他有如下優(yōu)點(diǎn)
1.1 即使用戶選擇了默認(rèn)的方式，選擇器仍然會彈出來
1.2 如果沒有匹配到這樣的應(yīng)用程序，系統(tǒng)就會提示消息
1.3 你可以指定選擇器Dialog的標(biāo)題

Intent sendIntent = new Intent(); sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "我用手機(jī)測試分享內(nèi)容"); sendIntent.setType("text/plain"); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(sendIntent, "我是彈出框的標(biāo)題"));

注：某些郵件類應(yīng)用程序，如Gmail,我們可以使用putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, String[]) 添加一個(gè)字符串?dāng)?shù)組到Intent中

2.發(fā)送二進(jìn)制內(nèi)容

二進(jìn)制內(nèi)容的共享使用Action為ACTION_SEND，在設(shè)置適當(dāng)?shù)腗IME類型，并且添加putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, URI),下面是一個(gè)常用的共享圖片的代碼，也可以共享任何類型的二進(jìn)制內(nèi)容

Intent shareIntent = new Intent(); shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uriToImage); shareIntent.setType("image/jpeg"); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, getResources().getText(R.string.send_to)));

主要下面幾點(diǎn)：

你可以使用MIME type為“ */*” ,他只會匹配處理一般數(shù)據(jù)流的Activity
接收應(yīng)用程序需要Uri指定數(shù)據(jù)的訪問權(quán)限
在SD卡的文件，我們使用File file = new File(filePath); Uri.fromFile(file),然后把他傳遞給Intent
在應(yīng)用程序的目錄中，openFileOutput的模式為MODE_WORLD_READABLE，然后我們可以使用getFileStreamPath（）返回一個(gè)File，然后利用Uri.fromFile(file)傳遞給Intent
可以掃描圖像，視頻和音頻等媒體文件，添加到系統(tǒng)MediaStore使用SCANFILE()來掃描文件，掃描完成后會調(diào)用 onScanCompleted()回調(diào)方法來返回一個(gè)Uri
圖片使用insertImage()方法插入到系統(tǒng)MediaStore也會返回一個(gè)圖片的Uri

下面是共享圖片的例子：

Intent shareIntent = new Intent(); shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); File file = new File("mnt/sdcard/share.png");     System.out.println(Uri.fromFile(file)); shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.fromFile(file)); shareIntent.setType("image/jpeg"); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "共享圖片"));

選擇QQ空間后，圖片就顯示在那里了，如下圖

201641152853269.png (290×550)

我們要共享多個(gè)二進(jìn)制內(nèi)容利用Action為ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE,下面是我們共享多張圖片

ArrayList<Uri> imageUris = new ArrayList<Uri>(); imageUris.add(imageUri1); // Add your image URIs here imageUris.add(imageUri2);  Intent shareIntent = new Intent(); shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE); shareIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUris); shareIntent.setType("image/*"); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Share images to.."));

下面我列出幾個(gè)常用的MIME type類型

text/plain（純文本）
text/html（HTML文檔）
application/xhtml+xml（XHTML文檔）
image/gif（GIF圖像）
image/jpeg（JPEG圖像）【PHP中為：image/pjpeg】
image/png（PNG圖像）【PHP中為：image/x-png】
video/mpeg（MPEG動(dòng)畫）
application/octet-stream（任意的二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)）
application/pdf（PDF文檔）
application/msword（Microsoft Word文件）
message/rfc822（RFC 822形式）
multipart/alternative（HTML郵件的HTML形式和純文本形式，相同內(nèi)容使用不同形式表示）
application/x-www-form-urlencoded（使用HTTP的POST方法提交的表單）
multipart/form-data（同上，但主要用于表單提交時(shí)伴隨文件上傳的場合）

Android所有支持的MIME type

sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/andrew-inset", "ez");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/dsptype", "tsp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/futuresplash", "spl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/hta", "hta");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mac-binhex40", "hqx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mac-compactpro", "cpt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mathematica", "nb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msaccess", "mdb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/oda", "oda");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/ogg", "ogg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pdf", "pdf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pgp-keys", "key");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pgp-signature", "pgp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pics-rules", "prf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rar", "rar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rdf+xml", "rdf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rss+xml", "rss");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/zip", "zip");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.android.package-archive",      "apk");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.cinderella", "cdy");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-pki.stl", "stl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.database", "odb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula", "odf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics", "odg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template",      "otg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image", "odi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet", "ods");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template",      "ots");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text", "odt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master", "odm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template", "ott");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web", "oth");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msword", "doc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msword", "dot");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",      "docx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template",      "dotx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-excel", "xls");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-excel", "xlt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",      "xlsx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template",      "xltx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "ppt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "pot");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "pps");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation",      "pptx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template",      "potx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow",      "ppsx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.rim.cod", "cod");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.smaf", "mmf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.calc", "sdc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.draw", "sda");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.stardivision.impress", "sdd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.stardivision.impress", "sdp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.math", "smf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.writer",      "sdw");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.writer",      "vor");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.stardivision.writer-global", "sgl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.calc", "sxc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.sun.xml.calc.template", "stc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.draw", "sxd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.sun.xml.draw.template", "std");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.impress", "sxi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.sun.xml.impress.template", "sti");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.math", "sxm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.writer", "sxw");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.global", "sxg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.template", "stw");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.visio", "vsd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-abiword", "abw");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-apple-diskimage", "dmg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-bcpio", "bcpio");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-bittorrent", "torrent");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cdf", "cdf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cdlink", "vcd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-chess-pgn", "pgn");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cpio", "cpio");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-debian-package", "deb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-debian-package", "udeb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dcr");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dir");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dxr");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-dms", "dms");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-doom", "wad");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-dvi", "dvi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-flac", "flac");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pfa");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pfb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "gsf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pcf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pcf.Z");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-freemind", "mm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-futuresplash", "spl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gnumeric", "gnumeric");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-go-sgf", "sgf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-graphing-calculator", "gcf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "gtar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "tgz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "taz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-hdf", "hdf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ica", "ica");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-internet-signup", "ins");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-internet-signup", "isp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-iphone", "iii");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-iso9660-image", "iso");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-jmol", "jmz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kchart", "chrt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-killustrator", "kil");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kpresenter", "kpr");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kpresenter", "kpt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kspread", "ksp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kword", "kwd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kword", "kwt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-latex", "latex");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lha", "lha");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lzh", "lzh");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lzx", "lzx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "frm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "maker");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "frame");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "fb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "book");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "fbdoc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-mif", "mif");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ms-wmd", "wmd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ms-wmz", "wmz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-msi", "msi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig", "pac");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-nwc", "nwc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-object", "o");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-oz-application", "oza");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs12", "p12");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp", "p7r");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs7-crl", "crl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-quicktimeplayer", "qtl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-shar", "shar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-shockwave-flash", "swf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-stuffit", "sit");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-sv4cpio", "sv4cpio");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-sv4crc", "sv4crc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-tar", "tar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-texinfo", "texinfo");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-texinfo", "texi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff", "t");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff", "roff");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff-man", "man");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ustar", "ustar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-wais-source", "src");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-wingz", "wz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-webarchive", "webarchive");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-x509-ca-cert", "crt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-x509-user-cert", "crt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-xcf", "xcf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-xfig", "fig");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/xhtml+xml", "xhtml");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/3gpp", "3gpp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/basic", "snd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "mid");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "midi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "kar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mpga");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mpega");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mp2");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mp3");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "m4a");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpegurl", "m3u");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/prs.sid", "sid");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aif");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aiff");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aifc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-gsm", "gsm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-mpegurl", "m3u");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-ms-wma", "wma");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-ms-wax", "wax");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "ra");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "rm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "ram");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-realaudio", "ra");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-scpls", "pls");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-sd2", "sd2");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-wav", "wav");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/bmp", "bmp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/gif", "gif");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ico", "cur");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ico", "ico");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ief", "ief");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpeg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpe");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/pcx", "pcx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/png", "png");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/svg+xml", "svg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/svg+xml", "svgz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/tiff", "tiff");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/tiff", "tif");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.djvu", "djvu");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.djvu", "djv");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.wap.wbmp", "wbmp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-cmu-raster", "ras");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldraw", "cdr");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldrawpattern", "pat");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldrawtemplate", "cdt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-corelphotopaint", "cpt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-icon", "ico");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-jg", "art");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-jng", "jng");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-ms-bmp", "bmp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-photoshop", "psd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-anymap", "pnm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-bitmap", "pbm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-graymap", "pgm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-pixmap", "ppm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-rgb", "rgb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xbitmap", "xbm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xpixmap", "xpm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xwindowdump", "xwd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/iges", "igs");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/iges", "iges");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "msh");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "mesh");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "silo");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/calendar", "ics");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/calendar", "icz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/comma-separated-values", "csv");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/css", "css");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/html", "htm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/html", "html");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/h323", "323");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/iuls", "uls");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/mathml", "mml");    // add it first so it will be the default for ExtensionFromMimeType    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "txt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "asc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "text");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "diff");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "po");  // reserve "pot" for vnd.ms-powerpoint    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/richtext", "rtx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/rtf", "rtf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/texmacs", "ts");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/text", "phps");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/tab-separated-values", "tsv");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/xml", "xml");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-bibtex", "bib");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-boo", "boo");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "h++");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hpp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hxx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hh");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "c++");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "cpp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "cxx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-chdr", "h");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-component", "htc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-csh", "csh");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-csrc", "c");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-dsrc", "d");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-haskell", "hs");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-java", "java");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-literate-haskell", "lhs");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-moc", "moc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pascal", "p");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pascal", "pas");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pcs-gcd", "gcd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-setext", "etx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tcl", "tcl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "tex");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "ltx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "sty");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "cls");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-vcalendar", "vcs");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-vcard", "vcf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3gpp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3gp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3g2");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dl", "dl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dv", "dif");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dv", "dv");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/fli", "fli");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/m4v", "m4v");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpeg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpe");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mp4", "mp4");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "VOB");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/quicktime", "qt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/quicktime", "mov");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/vnd.mpegurl", "mxu");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-la-asf", "lsf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-la-asf", "lsx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-mng", "mng");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-asf", "asf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-asf", "asx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wm", "wm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wmv", "wmv");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wmx", "wmx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wvx", "wvx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-msvideo", "avi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-sgi-movie", "movie");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("x-conference/x-cooltalk", "ice");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("x-epoc/x-sisx-app", "sisx");

3.接收圖片
下面要分享的是從其他的應(yīng)用程序接收內(nèi)容，比如你開發(fā)了一個(gè)社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用，你其中的某個(gè)Activity可以接受人們從其他的應(yīng)用分享的東西，例如分享文字或者從圖庫分享圖片等等，接下來我們利用一個(gè)例子來講解從其他的應(yīng)用接受內(nèi)容
我們新建一個(gè)Android工程，名字為SharedContext，修改Manifest文件
我們需要在Manifest文件中定義這個(gè)Activity能接收什么樣的Intent，我們需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建Intent過濾器，使用 <intent-filter> 元素來過濾我們能接收的Intent，下面我們舉個(gè)簡單的例子，相信大家知道舉一反三，下面的例子我們的應(yīng)用程序可以處理文本,文本文件，單一的圖片和多張圖片,我們定義Manifest文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  package="com.example.sharedcontext"  android:versionCode="1"  android:versionName="1.0" >   <uses-sdk   android:minSdkVersion="8"   android:targetSdkVersion="16" />  <application   android:allowBackup="true"   android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"   android:label="@string/app_name"   android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >   <activity    android:name="com.example.sharedcontext.MainActivity"    android:label="@string/app_name" >        <!-- 應(yīng)用程序的啟動(dòng) Intent，我們例子只有一個(gè)Activity-->    <intent-filter>     <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />     <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />    </intent-filter>     <!-- 處理文字的Intent 我們需要定義action, category, 和文字對應(yīng)的MIME -->    <intent-filter>     <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />     <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />     <data android:mimeType="text/*" />    </intent-filter>     <!-- 處理單張圖片的Intent -->    <intent-filter>     <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />     <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />     <data android:mimeType="image/*" />    </intent-filter>     <!-- 處理多張圖片的Intent -->    <intent-filter>     <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND_MULTIPLE" />     <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />     <data android:mimeType="image/*" />    </intent-filter>   </activity>  </application </manifest>

當(dāng)一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序構(gòu)建上面那樣子的Intent，并吧它傳遞給StartActivity（），我們的應(yīng)用程序就會被列在Intent選擇器中，當(dāng)用戶選擇該應(yīng)用程序就進(jìn)入相對應(yīng)的Activity（上面的例子是MainActivity）,我們只需要在MainActivity處理這樣內(nèi)容并用相對應(yīng)的UI顯示， MainActivity如下

package com.example.sharedcontext;  import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.ArrayList;  import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.GridView; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView;  public class MainActivity extends Activity {   @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {   super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);   Intent intent = getIntent();   //獲得Intent的Action   String action = intent.getAction();   //獲得Intent的MIME type   String type = intent.getType();         if(Intent.ACTION_SEND.equals(action) && type != null){    //我們這里處理所有的文本類型    if(type.startsWith("text/")){     //處理獲取到的文本，這里我們用TextView顯示     handleSendText(intent);    }    //圖片的MIME type有 image/png , image/jepg, image/gif 等，    else if(type.startsWith("image/")){     //處理獲取到圖片，我們用ImageView顯示     handleSendImage(intent);    }   }   else if(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE.equals(action) && type != null){     if (type.startsWith("image/")) {      //處理多張圖片，我們用一個(gè)GridView來顯示      handleSendMultipleImages(intent);     }   }  }    /**   * 用TextView顯示文本   * 可以打開一般的文本文件   * @param intent   */  private void handleSendText(Intent intent){    TextView textView = new TextView(this);       //一般的文本處理，我們直接顯示字符串    String sharedText = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT);    if(sharedText != null){     textView.setText(sharedText);    }          //文本文件處理，從Uri中獲取輸入流，然后將輸入流轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串    Uri textUri = (Uri) intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);    if(textUri != null){     try {      InputStream inputStream = this.getContentResolver().openInputStream(textUri);      textView.setText(inputStream2Byte(inputStream));    } catch (Exception e) {     e.printStackTrace();    }    }       //設(shè)置給Activity    setContentView(textView);  }      /**   * 將輸入流轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串   * @param inputStream   * @return   * @throws IOException   */  private String inputStream2Byte(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException{   ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();      byte [] buffer = new byte[1024];   int len = -1;      while((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1){    bos.write(buffer, 0, len);   }      bos.close();      //指定編碼格式為UIT-8   return new String(bos.toByteArray(), "UTF-8");  }      /**   * 用ImageView顯示單張圖片   * @param intent   */  private void handleSendImage(Intent intent) {   Uri imageUri = (Uri) intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);   if (imageUri != null) {    ImageView imageView = new ImageView(this);    imageView.setImageURI(imageUri);    setContentView(imageView);   }  }      /**   * 用GridView顯示多張圖片   * @param intent   */  private void handleSendMultipleImages(Intent intent) {   final ArrayList<Uri> imageUris = intent.getParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);   if (imageUris != null) {    GridView gridView = new GridView(this);    //設(shè)置item的寬度    gridView.setColumnWidth(130);    //設(shè)置列為自動(dòng)適應(yīng)    gridView.setNumColumns(GridView.AUTO_FIT);    gridView.setAdapter(new GridAdapter(this, imageUris));    setContentView(gridView);        gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {      @Override     public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,       final int position, long id) {            //點(diǎn)擊GridView的item 可以分享圖片給其他應(yīng)用      //這里可以參考http://blog.csdn.net/xiaanming/article/details/9395991      Intent intent = new Intent();      intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);      intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUris.get(position));      intent.setType("image/*");      startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "共享圖片"));     }    });       }  }    /**   * 重寫B(tài)aseAdapter   * @author xiaanming   *   */  public class GridAdapter extends BaseAdapter{   private Context mContext;   private ArrayList<Uri> list;      public GridAdapter(Context mContext, ArrayList<Uri> list){    this.list = list;    this.mContext = mContext;   }    @Override   public int getCount() {    return list.size();   }    @Override   public Object getItem(int position) {    return list.get(position);   }    @Override   public long getItemId(int position) {    return position;   }    @Override   public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {    ImageView imageView;    if(convertView == null){     imageView = new ImageView(mContext);     imageView.setPadding(8, 8, 8, 8);    }else{     imageView = (ImageView) convertView;    }    imageView.setImageURI(list.get(position));    return imageView;   }  } }

運(yùn)行程序之后，然后我們選擇系統(tǒng)圖庫，選擇多張圖片（如圖一）進(jìn)行分享，我們自己的應(yīng)用程序分享多張界面（如圖二）點(diǎn)擊我們應(yīng)用程序的item，選擇分享單張圖片（如圖三）我們繼續(xù)選擇我們自己的應(yīng)用程序來顯示（如圖四），新建一個(gè)備忘錄保存，長按備忘錄進(jìn)行分享（如圖五），分享文本文件的顯示界面（如圖六）

201641153824119.jpg (287×547) 201641153720854.png (290×550) 201641153847099.jpg (289×550) 201641153905393.png (290×550) 201641153927910.png (290×550) 201641153949258.png (290×550)