本文實例講述了postgreSQL存儲過程用法。分享給大家供大家參考,具體如下:
轉(zhuǎn)了N多的SQL語句,可是自己用時,卻到處是坑啊,啊,啊!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
想寫一個獲取表中最新ID值.
上代碼
CREATE TABLE department( ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, d_code VARCHAR(50), d_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, d_parentID INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0);--insert into department values(1,'001','office');--insert into department values(2,'002','office',1);
下面要寫個存儲過程,以獲取表中ID的最大值:
drop function f_getNewID(text,text);create or replace function f_getNewID(myTableName text,myFeildName text) returns integer as $$declare mysql text; myID integer;begin mysql:='select max( $1 ) from $2'; execute mysql into myID using myFeildName,myTableName; if myID is null or myID=0 then return 1; else return myID+1; end if;end;$$ language plpgsql;--大家可以試一下,上面這個是會報錯的--select f_getNewID('department','ID');--出錯!
看了官方文檔,人家就是這么用的:
EXECUTE 'SELECT count(*) FROM mytable WHERE inserted_by = $1 AND inserted <= $2' INTO c USING checked_user, checked_date;
你確定你看清楚了?????
確定你讀完讀懂了說明書?????
--這個看了?---------------------------------------EXECUTE 'SELECT count(*) FROM ' || quote_ident(tabname) || ' WHERE inserted_by = $1 AND inserted <= $2' INTO c USING checked_user, checked_date;
--這個看了?---------------------------------------EXECUTE 'UPDATE tbl SET ' || quote_ident(colname) || ' = ' || quote_literal(newvalue) || ' WHERE key = ' || quote_literal(keyvalue);--=============================--好吧, 我改------------------------------------------------------drop function f_getNewID(text,text);create or replace function f_getNewID(myTableName text,myFeildName text) returns integer as $$declare mysql text; myID integer;begin mysql:='select max(' || quote_ident(myFeildName) ||') from ' || quote_ident(myTableName); execute mysql into myID; --using myTableName,myFeildName; if myID is null or myID=0 then return 1; else return myID+1; end if;end;$$ language plpgsql;--==============================--漂亮,成功了!--But Why?--注意 對象(表名、字段名等)是不可以直接用變量的,要用 quote_ident()-------------------------------------------------------postgres=# select f_getnewid('department','ID');--錯誤: 字段 "ID" 不存在--第1行select max("ID") from department ^--查詢: select max("ID") from department--背景: 在EXECUTE的第10行的PL/pgSQL函數(shù)f_getnewid(text,text)--===============================--什么情況,ID怎么會有雙引號,引號,號,號???------------------------------------------------------------這里要感謝大神:權(quán)宗亮@飛象數(shù)據(jù)--改成這樣:postgres=# select f_getnewid('department','id'); f_getnewid------------ 2(1 行記錄)----終于成功了!大小寫還有區(qū)別嗎??? --but why? --當(dāng)在命令行輸入CREATE TABLE role( ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, r_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, r_paretnID INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0);--結(jié)果在pgAdmin里看到的卻是小寫的
--同樣,如果是在QUERY TOOLS 下用這樣的語句創(chuàng)建還是 所有的字體名為小寫--如果我就想大寫怎么辦????--要這樣寫CREATE TABLE "RoleUPER"( "ID" INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, r_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, "r_paretnID" INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0);--再用大象看看
可以了!
總結(jié)一下:
1、存儲過程(FUNCITON)變量可以直接用 ||
拼接。上面沒有列出,下面給個栗子:
create or replace function f_getNewID(myTableName text,myFeildName text) returns integer as $$declare mysql text; myID integer;begin mysql:='select max('|| $2 || ' ) from '||$1; execute mysql into myID using myFeildName,myTableName; if myID is null or myID=0 then return 1; else return myID+1; end if;end;$$ language plpgsql;
2、存儲過程的對象不可以直接用變量,要用 quote_ident(objVar)
3、$1 $2是 FUNCTION 參數(shù)的順序,如1中的 $1 $2交換,USING 后面的不換 結(jié)果 :
select max(myTableName) from myFeildname
4、注意:SQL語句中的大寫全部會變成小寫,要想大寫存大,必須要用雙引號。
附:一個完整postgreSQL 存儲過程示例
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION mt_f_avl_oee_period(i_station character varying,i_type int) RETURNS integer AS$BODY$DECLARE v_start_hour character varying; v_end_hour character varying; v_start_time character varying; v_end_time character varying; v_start_datetime timestamp; v_end_datetime timestamp; v_type int := 0; v_rtn int;/* v_test9_count int; v_test9_success int; v_runningtime double precision; v_availablerate double precision; */BEGIN-- hour = even, minute > 30-- exists--if i_type = 1 thenSELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM CURRENT_TIME - interval '2 hours' ) into v_start_hour; --two hours agoSELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM CURRENT_TIME ) into v_end_hour; --get 'hour' of current timeselect v_start_hour || ':30' into v_start_time;select v_end_hour || ':30' into v_end_time;select mt_f_avl_oee_period_e(i_station, to_char( CURRENT_Date, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), v_start_time, v_end_time) into v_rtn;elseSELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM CURRENT_TIME - interval '3 hours' ) into v_start_hour;SELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM CURRENT_TIME ) into v_end_hour;select v_start_hour || ':30' into v_start_time;select v_end_hour || ':00' into v_end_time;select mt_f_avl_oee_period_midnight(i_station, to_char( CURRENT_Date, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), v_start_time, v_end_time) into v_rtn;end if;RETURN 1;EXCEPTIONWHEN others THEN RAISE;RETURN 0;END;$BODY$ LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE COST 100;ALTER FUNCTION mt_f_avl_oee_period(i_station character varying,i_type int) OWNER TO postgres;
希望本文所述對大家PostgreSQL程序設(shè)計有所幫助。
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