message = 'Heal the World…'puts messagemessage1 = "Take home Rs #{100*3/2} "puts message1Output :# ./string1.rb# Heal the World…# Take home Rs 150

irb>> str = >>EOFirb>> "hello worldirb>> "how do you feel?irb>> "how r u ?irb>> EOF"hello, world/nhow do you feel?/nhow r u?/n"irb>> puts strhello, worldhow do you feel?how r u?

irb>> str = "The world for a horse" # String initialized with a valueThe world for a horseirb>> str*2      # Multiplying with an integer returns a            # new string containing that many times           # of the old string.The world for a horseThe world for a horseirb>> str + " Who said it ? "  # Concatenation of strings using the '+' operatorThe world for a horse Who said it ?irb>> str<<" is it? " # Concatenation using the '<<' operatorThe world for a horse is it?

irb>> str[0] # The '[]' operator can be used to extract substrings, just       # like accessing entries in an array.      # The index starts from 0.84 # A single index returns the ascii value      # of the character at that positionirb>> str[0,5] # a range can be specified as a pair. The first is the starting       # index , second is the length of the substring from the      # starting index.The wirb>> str[16,5]="Ferrari" # The same '[]' operator can be used         # to replace substrings in a string         # by using the assignment like '[]='irb>>strThe world for a FerrariIrb>> str[10..22] # The range can also be specified using [x1..x2] for a Ferrariirb>> str[" Ferrari"]=" horse" # A substring can be specified to be replaced by a new        # string. Ruby strings are intelligent enough to adjust the        # size of the string to make up for the replacement string.irb>> sThe world for a horseirb>> s.split  # Split, splits the string based on the given delimiter        # default is a whitespace, returning an array of strings.["The", "world", "for", "a", "horse"]irb>> s.each(' ') { |str| p str.chomp(' ') }        # each , is a way of block processing the   # string splitting it on a record separator   # Here, I use chomp() to cut off the trailing space"The""world""for""a""horse"

irb>> str = "hello, world"hello, worldirb>> str.upcaseHELLO, WORLDirb>>str   # str, remains as is.Hello, worldirb>> str.upcase!  # here, str gets modified by the '!' at the end of         # upcase.HELLO, WORLDirb>> strHELLO, WORLD

require 'csv'writer = CSV.open('mycsvfile.csv','w')begin print "Enter Contact Name: " name = STDIN.gets.chomp print "Enter Contact No: " num = STDIN.gets.chomp s = name+" "+num row1 = s.split writer << row1 print "Do you want to add more ? (y/n): " ans = STDIN.gets.chompend while ans != "n"writer.closefile = File.new('mycsvfile.csv')lines = file.readlinesparsed = CSV.parse(lines.to_s)p parsedputs ""puts "Details of Contacts stored are as follows..."puts ""puts "-------------------------------"puts "Contact Name | Contact No"puts "-------------------------------"puts ""CSV.open('mycsvfile.csv','r') do |row| puts row[0] + " | " + row[1]  puts ""end

Enter Contact Name: SanthoshEnter Contact No: 989898Do you want to add more ? (y/n): yEnter Contact Name: SandyEnter Contact No: 98988Do you want to add more ? (y/n): nDetails of Contacts stored are as follows...---------------------------------Contact Name | Contact No---------------------------------Santhosh | 989898Sandy | 98988

<cart id="userid"><item code="item-id"> <price> <price/unit> </price> <qty> <number-of-units> </qty></item></cart>

require 'rexml/document'include REXMLfile = File.new('shoppingcart.xml')doc = Document.new(file)root = doc.rootputs ""puts "Hello, #{root.attributes['id']}, Find below the bill generated for your purchase..."puts ""sumtotal = 0puts "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"puts "Item/t/tQuantity/t/tPrice/unit/t/tTotal"puts "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"root.each_element('//item') { |item| code = item.attributes['code']qty = item.elements["qty"].text.split(' ')price = item.elements["price"].text.split(' ')total = item.elements["price"].text.to_i * item.elements["qty"].text.to_iputs "#[code]/t/t #{qty}/t/t   #{price}/t/t   #{total}"puts ""sumtotal += total}puts "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"puts "/t/t/t/t/t/t  Sum total : " + sumtotal.to_sputs "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"

Hello, santhosh, Find below the bill generated for your purchase...-------------------------------------------------------------------------Item   Quantity    Price/unit    Total-------------------------------------------------------------------------CS001    2       100      200CS002    5       200      1000CS003    3       500      1500CS004    5       150      750-------------------------------------------------------------------------               Sum total : 3450--------------------------------------------------------------------------

doc = Document.newdoc.add_element("cart1", {"id" => "user2"})cart = doc.root.elements[1]item = Element.new("item")item.add_element("price")item.elements["price"].text = "100"item.add_element("qty")item.elements["qty"].text = "4"cart .elements << item

require 'rexml/document'require 'rexml/streamlistener'include REXMLclass Listener include StreamListener def tag_start(name, attributes) puts "Start #{name}" end def tag_end(name) puts "End #{name}" endendlistener = Listener.newparser = Parsers::StreamParser.new(File.new("shoppingcart.xml"), listener)parser.parse

Start cartStart itemStart priceEnd priceStart qtyEnd qtyEnd itemStart itemStart priceEnd priceStart qtyEnd qtyEnd itemStart itemStart priceEnd priceStart qtyEnd qtyEnd itemStart itemStart priceEnd priceStart qtyEnd qtyEnd itemEnd cart