安裝hadoop+zookeeper ha前期工作配置好網絡和主機名和關閉防火墻chkconfig iptables off //關閉防火墻1.安裝好java并配置好相關變量 (/etc/PRofile)#javaexport JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_65export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jreexport PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/binexport CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar (最前面要有.)保存退出source /etc/profile2.設置好主機名和網絡映射關系 (/etc/hosts) // hadoop.master為namenode // hadoop.slaver1/hadoop.slaver2/hadoop.slaver3 為datanode192.168.22.241 hadoop.master192.168.22.242 hadoop.slaver1192.168.22.243 hadoop.slaver2192.168.22.244 hadoop.slaver33.創建用戶并創建密碼(以root身份登陸)  1. useradd hadoop(或者其他用戶名)  2. passwd hadoop (回車輸入密碼 兩次)  3. su hadoop (使用hadoop用戶登陸)  4.免密碼登陸    1.安裝ssh  具體百度  一般都自帶有    2.創建在家目錄底下創建.ssh目錄(使用hadoop用戶)  mkdir ~/.ssh    3.創建公鑰(namenode端運行)        ssh-keygen -t rsa        一路回車        最后會在~/.ssh目錄下生成id_rsa、id_rsa.pub  其中前者是密鑰 后者是公鑰    4.將id_rsa.pub文件拷貝到slaver節點的相同用戶.ssh目錄下        scp -r id_rsa.pub 用戶名@主機名:目標文件(含路徑)    5.在各個子節點執行cat id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys    6.設置權限        chmod 600 authorized_keys        cd ..        chmod 700 -R .ssh    7.注意此時還不能免密碼  需在master 節點運行ssh slaver 輸入密碼后才能免密碼5.安裝zookeeper(三臺 master slaver1 slaver2)    1.下載安裝包    2.解壓安裝包        tar zxvf zookeeper-3.4.7.tar.gz    3.配置環境變量        #zookeeper        export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/zookeeper-3.4.7        export PATH=$PATH::$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/conf        保存退出        source /etc/profile    4.修改配置文件        cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg        vim zoo.cfg        ####zoo.cfg####        tickTime=2000        initLimit=10        syncLimit=5        dataDir=/opt/zookeeper-3.4.7/tmp/zookeeper (注意創建相關目錄)        clientPort=2181        server.1=hadoop.master:2888:3888        server.2=hadoop.slaver1:2888:3888        server.3=hadoop.slaver2:2888:3888                參數說明:        tickTime: zookeeper中使用的基本時間單位, 毫秒值.        dataDir: 數據目錄. 可以是任意目錄.        dataLogDir: log目錄, 同樣可以是任意目錄. 如果沒有設置該參數, 將使用和dataDir相同的設置.        clientPort: 監聽client連接的端口號.        initLimit: zookeeper集群中的包含多臺server, 其中一臺為leader, 集群中其余的server為follower.        syncLimit: 該參數配置leader和follower之間發送消息, 請求和應答的最大時間長度.         server.X=A:B:C 其中X是一個數字, 表示這是第幾號server. A是該server所在的IP地址. B配置該server和集群中的leader交換消息所使用的端口. C配置選舉leader時所使用的端口.     5.分發到各個節點中       scp -r /opt/zookeeper-3.4.7 hadoop@主機名:/opt    6.根據dataDir配置的目錄下新建myid文件, 寫入一個數字, 該數字表示這是第幾號server       cd /opt/zookeeper-3.4.7/tmp/zookeeper       touch myid(如果是安裝上述配置，則master為1 slaver1為2 slaver3)    7.常用命令        ####啟動/關閉/查看 zk#####        zkServer.sh start    //集群中每臺主機執行一次        zkServer.sh stop        zkServer.sh status        ####查看/刪除節點信息####        zkCli.sh        ls /        rmr /節點名稱6.安裝hadoop(四臺機子 master slaver1 slaver2 slaver3 其中namenode有master和slaver1)    1.下載安裝包    2.解壓安裝包    3.配置環境變量        #hadoop        export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop-2.5.2        export HADOOP_PREFIX=/opt/hadoop-2.5.2        export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME        export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME        export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop        export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native        export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib"        export JAVA_LIBRARY_PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native                export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HADOOP_HOME/lib        export CLASSPATH=.:$CLASSPATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin                保存退出        source /etc/profile    4.修改配置文件        1.創建相關目錄            cd /opt/hadoop-2.5.2            mkdir logs            mkdir tmp        2.修改相關配置文件相關參數(core-site.xml/hadoop-env.sh/hdfs-site.xml/log4j.properties        /mapred-env.sh/mapred-site.xml/masters/slaves/yarn-env.sh/yarn-site.xml)                    ####core-site.xml####            <configuration>            <!-- 指定hdfs的nameservice為namenode-->            <property>                <name>fs.defaultFS</name>                <value>hdfs://ns1:8020</value>            </property>                         <!-- 指定hadoop塊大小 -->            <property>                <name>io.file.buffer.size</name>                <value>131072</value>            </property>                         <!-- 指定hadoop臨時目錄 -->            <property>                <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>                <value>/opt/hadoop-2.5.2/tmp</value>                <description>A base for other temporary directories.</description>            </property>                        <!-- 指定zookeeper地址 -->            <property>                <name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>                <value>hadoop.master:2181,hadoop.slaver1:2181,hadoop.slaver2:2181</value>            </property>            </configuration>                        ####hadoop-env.sh####            export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_65            export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=.:$HADOOP_CLASSPATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin            export CLASSPATH=.:$CLASSPATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin                        ####hdfs-site.xml####            <configuration>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.http-address</name>            <value>hadoop.master:50070</value>            <description>The address and the base port where the dfs namenode web ui will listen on.</description>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>            <value>hadoop.slaver1:50070</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.checkpoint.dir</name>            <value>file://${hadoop.tmp.dir}/dfs/namesecondary</value>            <final>true</final>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>            <value>file://${hadoop.tmp.dir}/dfs/name</value>            <final>true</final>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>            <value>file://${hadoop.tmp.dir}/dfs/data</value>            <final>true</final>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.replication</name>            <value>3</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.permissions</name>            <value>false</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name>            <value>false</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.hosts.exclude</name>            <value>/opt/hadoop-2.5.2/other/excludes</value>            <description>Names a file that contains a list of hosts that are not permitted to connect to the namenode.  The full pathname of the file must be specified.  If the value is empty, no hosts are excluded.</description>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.hosts</name>            <value>/opt/hadoop-2.5.2/etc/hadoop/slaves</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.blocksize</name>            <value>134217728</value>            </property>            <!-- HBase configuration-->            <property>             <name>dfs.datanode.max.xcievers</name>             <value>4096</value>             </property>            <!--Zookeeper configuration-->            <property>            <name>dfs.nameservices</name>            <value>ns1</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.ha.namenodes.ns1</name>            <value>nn1,nn2</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn1</name>            <value>hadoop.master:8020</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn2</name>            <value>hadoop.slaver1:8020</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn1</name>            <value>hadoop.master:50070</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn2</name>            <value>hadoop.slaver1:50070</value>            </property>                        <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.servicerpc-address.ns1.nn1</name>            <value>hadoop.master:53310</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.servicerpc-address.ns1.nn2</name>            <value>hadoop.slaver1:53310</value>            </property>             <!-- 指定JournalNode在本地磁盤存放數據的位置 -->            <property>            <name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>            <value>/opt/zookeeper-3.4.7/journal</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>            <value>qjournal://hadoop.master:8485;hadoop.slaver1:8485;hadoop.slaver2:8485/ns1</value>            </property>            <!-- 開啟NameNode失敗自動切換 -->            <property>            <name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>            <value>true</value>            </property>            <!-- 配置失敗自動切換實現方式 -->            <property>            <name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.ns1</name>            <value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>            </property>             <!-- 指定zookeeper地址 -->            <property>            <name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>            <value>hadoop.master:2181,hadoop.slaver1:2181,hadoop.slaver2:2181</value>            </property>            <!-- 配置隔離機制方法，多個機制用換行分割，即每個機制暫用-->            <property>            <name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>            <value>            sshfence            shell(/bin/true)            </value>            </property>            <property>            <name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>            <value>/home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa</value>            </property>            <!-- 配置sshfence隔離機制超時時間 -->            <property>            <name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.connect-timeout</name>            <value>30000</value>            </property>             </configuration>                        ####log4j.properties####            hadoop.root.logger=INFO,console            hadoop.log.dir=/opt/hadoop-2.5.2/logs            hadoop.log.file=hadoop.log                        ####mapred-env.sh####            export HADOOP_JOB_HISTORYSERVER_HEAPSIZE=1000            export HADOOP_MAPRED_ROOT_LOGGER=INFO,RFA            ####mapred-site.xml####            <configuration>             <property>                <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>                <value>yarn</value>            </property>                <property>                <name>mapreduce.application.classpath</name>                <value>                /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/etc/hadoop,                /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/common/*,                /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/common/lib/*,                /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/hdfs/*,                /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*,                /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*,                /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*,                /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/yarn/*,                /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*                </value>            </property>            <property>                <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>                <value>hadoop.master:10020</value>            </property>            <property>                <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>                <value>hadoop.master:19888</value>            </property>            <property>                    <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.done-dir</name>                    <value>/history/done</value>            </property>            <property>               <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.intermediate-done-dir</name>               <value>/history/done_intermediate</value>            </property>            </configuration>            ####masters####            hadoop.slaver1  //存儲secondary namenode節點主機名                        ####slaves####            hadoop.slaver1            hadoop.slaver2            hadoop.slaver3                        ####yarn-env.sh####            export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_65                        ####yarn-site.xml####            <configuration>            <!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->            <property>            <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>            <value>hadoop.master:18040</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>            <value>hadoop.master:18030</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>            <value>hadoop.master:18025</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>            <value>hadoop.master:18041</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>            <value>hadoop.master:8088</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.nodemanager.local-dirs</name>            <value>/opt/hadoop-2.5.2/other/mynode</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.nodemanager.log-dirs</name>            <value>/opt/hadoop-2.5.2/other/logs</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.nodemanager.log.retain-seconds</name>            <value>10800</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.nodemanager.remote-app-log-dir</name>            <value>/opt/hadoop-2.5.2/other/logs</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.nodemanager.remote-app-log-dir-suffix</name>            <value>logs</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.log-aggregation.retain-seconds</name>            <value>-1</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.log-aggregation.retain-check-interval-seconds</name>            <value>-1</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>            <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>            </property>            <!--zookeeper-->            <property>            <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled</name>            <value>true</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id</name>            <value>yrc</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids</name>            <value>rm1,rm2</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm1</name>            <value>hadoop.master</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm2</name>            <value>hadoop.slaver1</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address</name>            <value>hadoop.master:2181,hadoop.slaver1:2181,hadoop.slaver2:2181</value>            </property>            <property>            <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>            <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>            </property>            </configuration>    5.分發到各個節點中       scp -r /opt/hadoop-2.5.2 [email protected]:/opt        6.首次啟動        6.1 啟動zk            zkServer.sh start(zk 各個節點執行)        6.2 啟動journalnode            hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode(zk 各個節點執行)        6.3 格式化Namenode            hadoop namenode -format(namenode 節點運行  注意是hadoop  不是hdfs)        6.4 啟動Namenode            hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode(namenode 節點運行)        6.5 格式化另一個Namenode            hadoop namenode -bootstrapStandby(在secondary namenode節點運行)        6.6 格式化zk             hdfs zkfc -formatZK (namenode節點執行)        6.7 將所有的服務停止            stop-all.sh            注意此時需在每個zk節點執行 zkServer.sh stop    7.正常啟動        1.啟動zk            zkServer.sh start(zk 各個節點執行)        2.啟動所有服務            start-all.sh   //或者先執行start-dfs.sh   再執行start-yarn.sh        3.啟動后臺歷史服務            mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver(在namenode節點執行即可)        4.啟動備份resourcemanger            yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager  //在備份節點運行        5.啟動備份namenode            hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode  //在備份節點運行                8.驗證        1.jps驗證 查看相關進程        2.web驗證            hdfs   主機名:50070            yarn   主機名:8088            history  主機名:19888            //以上主機名均指 namenode節點主機名 (此時namenode節點是active狀態)        3.查看active狀態            hdfs  web查看  有active狀態和stangby狀態兩種            yarn  shell命令查看                  yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm1(或者rm2)                //其中rm1/rm2為配置文件中配置的名稱        4.kill當前active的namenode 看能不自己切換到standby namenode上    9.常見命令         ####啟動/關閉yarn jobhistory記錄####         web: //namenode:19888  //其中namenode 為集群任意節點主機名         mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver  //集群中每臺主機執行一次         mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh stop historyserver                  ####啟動/關閉/查看 zk#####         zkServer.sh start    //集群中每臺主機執行一次         zkServer.sh stop         zkServer.sh status                  ####啟動/關閉/查看 yarn####         yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager         yarn-daemon.sh stop resourcemanager         yarn-daemon.sh stop nodemanager         yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm2  //其中rm2是集群配置的別名                  web: //namenode:8088  //其中namenode是active狀態的主機名                  ####啟動/關閉/查看 hadoop####         hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode         hadoop-daemon.sh stop namenode         hadoop-daemon.sh stop datanode         web: //namenode:50070  //其中namenode是active狀態的主機名                  ####格式化zkNode####          hdfs zkfc -formatZK //namenode節點執行   注意是hdfs  不是hadoop                  ####啟動/關閉zkNode#####         hadoop-daemon.sh start zkfc         hadoop-daemon.sh stop zkfc                  ####查看/刪除job####         hadoop job -list         hadoop job -kill 任務ID //注意不是applicationID                  ####初始化Journal Storage Directory####         hdfs namenode -initializeSharedEdits  //非ha轉成ha時執行 如果一開始已經是ha了無需執行                  ####初始化namenode####         hadoop namenode -format  //namenode端執行                  hdfs namenode -bootstrapStandby //secend namenode端執行 執行前需保證namenode已經啟動            10.常見異常        1.Journal Storage Directory /opt/zookeeper-3.4.7/journal/ns1 not formatted            原因：由于之前hadoop沒部署ha,改成ha后形成錯誤            解決辦法：                    1.將配置文件hdfs-site.xml中dfs.journalnode.edits.dir對應的目錄刪除                    2.hdfs namenode -initializeSharedEdits(namenode 執行)        2.datanode起來了,namenode起不來            解決辦法:                1.查看配置文件相關配置項是否配置正確                2.查看環境變量是否配置正確                3.查看主機網絡映射是否配置正確                4.是否二次格式化namenode  如果是,則需要將datanode 的clusterID和namespaceID改成namenode一致                    目錄一般是tmp目錄下                5.重啟hdfs                6.如果執行上述還不行,則在hadoop服務運行狀態下將tmp目錄下所有文件夾刪除,再格式化,重啟服務        3.兩個namenode起來了,但都是standby狀態            解決辦法:                1.是否均啟動zk                2.格式化zfkc                    hdfs zkfc -formatZK                3.所有服務重啟(含zk)
轉自http://www.CUOXin.com/ciade/p/5141264.html