本文實例講述了Java對XML文件增刪改查操作。分享給大家供大家參考,具體如下:
xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><books> <book> <name>哈里波特</name> <price>10</price> <memo>這是一本很好看的書。</memo> </book> <book id="B02"> <name>三國演義</name> <price>10</price> <memo>四大名著之一。</memo> </book> <book id="B03"> <name>水滸</name> <price>6</price> <memo>四大名著之一。</memo> </book> <book id="B04"> <name>紅樓</name> <price>5</price> <memo>四大名著之一。</memo> </book></books>
增刪改查 Test.java
import java.io.File;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import org.w3c.dom.*;import javax.xml.parsers.*;import javax.xml.transform.*;import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;import javax.xml.transform.stream.*;import javax.xml.xpath.*;public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); Element theBook = null, theElem = null, root = null; try { factory.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true); DocumentBuilder db = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); Document xmldoc = (Document) db.parse(new File("Test.xml")); root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement(); // --- 新建一本書開始 ---- theBook = xmldoc.createElement("book"); theElem = xmldoc.createElement("name"); theElem.setTextContent("新書"); theBook.appendChild(theElem); theElem = xmldoc.createElement("price"); theElem.setTextContent("20"); theBook.appendChild(theElem); theElem = xmldoc.createElement("memo"); theElem.setTextContent("新書的更好看。"); theBook.appendChild(theElem); root.appendChild(theBook); System.out.println("--- 新建一本書開始 ----"); output(xmldoc); // --- 新建一本書完成 ---- // --- 下面對《哈里波特》做一些修改。 ---- // --- 查詢找《哈里波特》---- theBook = (Element) selectSingleNode("/books/book[name='哈里波特']", root); System.out.println("--- 查詢找《哈里波特》 ----"); output(theBook); // --- 此時修改這本書的價格 ----- theBook.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0).setTextContent("15");// getElementsByTagName返回的是NodeList,所以要跟上item(0)。另外,getElementsByTagName("price")相當于xpath的".//price"。 System.out.println("--- 此時修改這本書的價格 ----"); output(theBook); // --- 另外還想加一個屬性id,值為B01 ---- theBook.setAttribute("id", "B01"); System.out.println("--- 另外還想加一個屬性id,值為B01 ----"); output(theBook); // --- 對《哈里波特》修改完成。 ---- // --- 要用id屬性刪除《三國演義》這本書 ---- theBook = (Element) selectSingleNode("/books/book[@id='B02']", root); System.out.println("--- 要用id屬性刪除《三國演義》這本書 ----"); output(theBook); theBook.getParentNode().removeChild(theBook); System.out.println("--- 刪除后的XML ----"); output(xmldoc); // --- 再將所有價格低于10的書刪除 ---- NodeList someBooks = selectNodes("/books/book[price<10]", root); System.out.println("--- 再將所有價格低于10的書刪除 ---"); System.out.println("--- 符合條件的書有 " + someBooks.getLength() + "本。 ---"); for (int i = 0; i < someBooks.getLength(); i++) { someBooks.item(i).getParentNode().removeChild(someBooks.item(i)); } output(xmldoc); saveXml("Test1_Edited.xml", xmldoc); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 將node的XML字符串輸出到控制臺 * * @param node */ public static void output(Node node) { TransformerFactory transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance(); try { Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer(); transformer.setOutputProperty("encoding", "gb2312"); transformer.setOutputProperty("indent", "yes"); DOMSource source = new DOMSource(); source.setNode(node); StreamResult result = new StreamResult(); result.setOutputStream(System.out); transformer.transform(source, result); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 查找節(jié)點,并返回第一個符合條件節(jié)點 * * @param express * @param source * @return */ public static Node selectSingleNode(String express, Object source) { Node result = null; XPathFactory xpathFactory = XPathFactory.newInstance(); XPath xpath = xpathFactory.newXPath(); try { result = (Node) xpath.evaluate(express, source, XPathConstants.NODE); } catch (XPathExpressionException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } /** * 查找節(jié)點,返回符合條件的節(jié)點集。 * @param express * @param source * @return */ public static NodeList selectNodes(String express, Object source) { NodeList result = null; XPathFactory xpathFactory = XPathFactory.newInstance(); XPath xpath = xpathFactory.newXPath(); try { result = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(express, source, XPathConstants.NODESET); } catch (XPathExpressionException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } /** * 將Document輸出到文件 * @param fileName * @param doc */ public static void saveXml(String fileName, Document doc) { TransformerFactory transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance(); try { Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer(); transformer.setOutputProperty("indent", "yes"); DOMSource source = new DOMSource(); source.setNode(doc); StreamResult result = new StreamResult(); result.setOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(fileName)); transformer.transform(source, result); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }}
希望本文所述對大家java程序設(shè)計有所幫助。
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