廢話不多說了，具體詳情如下所示：
1.修改表名
格式：sp_rename tablename,newtablename
sp_rename tablename,newtablename
2.修改字段名
格式：sp_rename 'tablename.colname',newcolname,'column'
sp_rename 'tablename.colname',newcolname,'column'
3.添加字段
格式：alter table table_name add new_column data_type [interality_codition]
示例1
ALTER TABLE student Add nationality varchar(20)
--示例2 添加int類型的列,默認(rèn)值為 0
alter table student add studentName int default 0 --示例3 添加int類型的列,默認(rèn)值為0，主鍵 alter table student add studentId int primary key default 0 --示例4 判斷student中是否存在name字段且刪除字段 if exists(select * from syscolumns where id=object_id('student') and name='name') begin alter table student DROP COLUMN name end 4.更改字段
格式：alter table table_name alter column column_name
ALTER TABLE student ALTER COLUMN name VARCHAR(200)
5.刪除字段
格式：alter table table_name drop column column_name
ALTER TABLE student DROP COLUMN nationality;
6.查看字段約束
格式： select * from information_schema.constraint_column_usage where TABLE_NAME = table_name
SELECT TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM information_schema.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGEWHERE TABLE_NAME = 'student'
7.查看字段缺省約束表達(dá)式 （即默認(rèn)值等）
格式：select * from information_schema.columns where TABLE_NAME = table_name
SELECT TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, COLUMN_DEFAULT FROM information_schema.COLUMNSWHERE TABLE_NAME='student'
8.查看字段缺省約束名
格式：select name from sysobjects where object_id(table_name)=parent_obj and xtype='D'
select name from sysobjectswhere object_id('表?名?')=parent_obj and xtype='D' 9.刪除字段約束
格式：alter table tablename drop constraint constraintname
ALTER TABLE student DROP CONSTRAINT PK__student__2F36BC5B772B9A0B
10.添加字段約束
格式：alter table tablename add constraint constraintname primary key (column_name)
--示例1
ALTER TABLE stuInfo ADD CONSTRAINT PK_stuNo PRIMARY KEY (stuNo) --示例2 添加主鍵約束（Primary Key）-- 存在主鍵約束PK_stuNO，則刪除 IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE name='PK_stuNo' and xtype='PK')Alter TABLE stuInfoDrop Constraint PK_stuNoGo -- 重新添加主鍵約束PK_stuNO ALTER TABLE stuInfo ADD CONSTRAINT PK_stuNo PRIMARY KEY (stuNo)Go --示例3 添加 唯一UQ約束（Unique Constraint）-- 存在唯一約束UQ_stuNO，則刪除 IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE name='UQ_stuID' and xtype='UQ')Alter TABLE stuInfoDrop Constraint UQ_stuIDGo -- 重新添加唯一約束UQ_stuID ALTER TABLE stuInfo ADD CONSTRAINT UQ_stuID UNIQUE (stuID) --示例4 添加默認(rèn)DF約束（Default Constraint）-- 存在默認(rèn)約束UQ_stuNO，則刪除 IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE name='DF_stuAddress' and xtype='D')Alter TABLE stuInfo Drop Constraint DF_stuAddressGo -- 重新添加默認(rèn)約束DF_stuAddress ALTER TABLE stuInfo ADD CONSTRAINT DF_stuAddress DEFAULT ('地址不詳') FOR stuAddress --示例5 檢查CK約束（Check Constraint）-- 存在檢查約束UQ_stuNO，則刪除 IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE name='CK_stuAge' and xtype='C')Alter TABLE stuInfo Drop Cons 以上所述是小編給大家介紹的SQLSERVER實(shí)現(xiàn)更改表名，更改列名，更改約束代碼，希望對大家有所幫助！
